Synthesis and characterization of Ni (II), Cu (II), Fe (II) and Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle complexes with tetraaza macrocyclic Schiff base ligand for antimicrobial activity and cytotoxic activity against cancer and normal cells

Abstract

This work describes a simple synthesis of complexes of the type [M(C32H28N4)Cl2], where M = Ni (II), Cu (II) and Fe (II) and a novel complex of magnetite nanoparticle (Fe3O4NP) inside (INS) tetraaza macrocyclic Schiff base ligand (C32H28N4): [Fe3O4NP‐INS‐(C32H28N4)], which was prepared by using a novel co‐precipitation method of coordinated ferric ion (Fe3+) in the complex [Fe(C32H28N4)Cl2] under mild conditions. The synthesized compounds were characterized and compared with a various physic‐chemical techniques like: Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopic techniques (UV–Vis), 1‐dimensional (1D) 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR spectroscopic techniques, mass spectra, Powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis and molar conductance measurements. Furthermore, the highest saturation magnetization was 26.56 emu.g−1 obtained from [Fe3O4NP‐INS‐(C32H28N4)] (diameter of Fe3O4NPs~20.87 nm) that prove easy separation by an external magnetic field. In vitro screening of all the compounds against different species of bacteria and fungi shows that [Fe3O4NP‐INS‐(C32H28N4)] is effective against the tested strains as compared to the tetraaza macrocyclic ligand and selected complexes. The cytotoxic activity of the all compounds was also examined in 3 human tumor cell lines as U87, MDA‐MB‐231 and LS‐174. The complex [Fe3O4NP‐INS‐(C32H28N4)] shows moderate and strong cytotoxic activity against brain cancer, colon cancer and breast cancer (U87, MDA‐MB‐231 and LS‐174 respectively), without showing cytotoxicity towards peripheral blood mononucleocyte (PBMC) cells.

Antibacterial and anticorrosion behavior of bioactive complexes of selected transition metal ions with new 2‐acetylpyridine Schiff base

“…[44,45] Mn(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II) complexes were nonelectrolytes, cofirming that all the chlorides in nonelectrolytic complexes were part of the coordination sphere. [46,47] From previous studies, Khalil et al (2021) was prepared metal complexes of naphthalene-1,8-diamine derivatives and measured their molar conductance, which showed that all complexes were electrolytes with value between 67-86 Ω À1 mol À1 cm 2 , whereas Zn(II) complex was nonelectrolyte with value <50 Ω À1 mol À1 cm 2 . These results confirmed our explanation about the results of conductivity.…”

High incorporation of magnetite nanoparticles inside tetraaza macrocyclic Schiff base cavity: spectroscopic characterization and modeling by DFT calculation

“…In fact, macrocyclic Schiff bases are particularly important in macrocyclic chemistry because of their exible synthesis, their selectivity, and even their ability to stabilize many metals in various oxidation states [12][13][14][15][16]. However, a huge number of tetraaza macrocyclic (N 4 ) metal complexes show interesting biological activities such as antifungal [17,18], antibacterial [19][20][21], antimicrobial [22][23][24][25] and anticancer [11,26,27] effects.…”

“…However, the co-precipitation method usually shows the di culty to control nanoparticle size and distribution size due to the strong dipole-dipole interactions which lead to the formation of Fe 3 O 4 NPs aggregated. So, the deterioration of magnetic proprieties [19,47].…”

“…To conserve these magnetic proprieties of NPs, Chaabane et al, [19] succeeded in synthesizing magnetite Fe 3 O 4 NPs incorporated in the tetraaza macrocyclic Schiff base cavity. Therefore, the NPs were successfully dispersed and their size was controlled by keeping magnetic proprieties which have shown a very interesting biological activity.…”

High incorporation of magnetite nanoparticles inside tetraaza macrocyclic Schiff base cavity : Spectroscopic characterization and modeling by DFT calculation

“…However, the co-precipitation method usually shows the di culty to control nanoparticle size and distribution size due to the strong dipole-dipole interactions which lead to the formation of Fe 3 O 4 NPs aggregated. So, the deterioration of magnetic proprieties [19,47].…”