Phosphane (PH<sub>3</sub>) in the Biosphere

Gassmann, G.; Glindemann, Dietmar

doi:10.1002/anie.199307611

Cited by 88 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…After that, improved analytical methods were developed to unambiguously quantify traces of PH 3 , 'Free PH 3 ' gas could be detected in marsh gas (De´vai and Delaune 1995), biogases from landfills, communal waste, animal slurry, river and lake sediments (Glindemann and Bergmann 1995;Glindemann et al 1996a), and in remote atmosphere (Gassmann et al 1996;Glindemann et al 1996bGlindemann et al , 2003. Gassmann and Glindemann (1993) and Gassmann and Schorn (1993) revealed that, PH 3 can exist in condensed environmental samples, hidden as 'matrix bound PH 3 ' in marine sediments, harbor sludge, animal manure, and human faces. Eismann et al (1997) measured traces of 'matrix-bound' PH 3 in soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Monitoring of Phosphine and of Phosphorus Species in Taihu Lake Sediments and Phosphine Emission from Lake Sediments

et al. 2005

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Phosphine (PH 3 ) was monitored in the Taihu Lake in China by a GC/NPD method, coupled with cryo-trapping enrichment technology. Results showed that PH 3 was universally detected in sediments, lake water and atmosphere of the Taihu Lake area. Total phosphorus (TP s ) and fractions of different phosphorus species in lake sediments were separately measured as dissolved phosphate (DP), phosphorus bound to aluminum (Al-P), iron (Fe-P) and calcium (Ca-P), occluded phosphorus (OP), and organic phosphorus (Org-P) by sequential chemical extraction. High PH 3 levels were correlated with high TP s values in sediments and with eutrophication at different sites. In addition, a positive linear correlation equation was obtained between the concentrations of PH 3 in lake sediments and of the phosphorus fractions. The resulting multiple linear regression equation is PH 3 = À165 + 63.3 DP + 0.736 Al-P + 2.33 Ca-P + 2.29 Org-P. The flux of PH 3 across the sediment-water interface was estimated from sediment core incubation in May and October 2002. The annual average sediment-water flux of PH 3 was estimated at ca. 0.0138±0.005 pg dm À2 h À1 , the average yearly emission value of PH 3 from Taihu Lake sediments to water was calculated to be 28.3±10.2 g year À1 , which causes a water PH 3 concentration of up to 0.178±0.064 pmol dm À3 . The real importance of PH 3 could be higher, because PH 3 could be consumed in the oxic sediment-water boundary layer and in the water column. Spatial and temporal distributions of total phosphorus (TP w ) and chlorophyll a (Chl-a) in the water column of Taihu Lake were measured over the study period. Higher water PH 3 has also been found where the TP w content was high. Similarly, high Chl-a was consistent with higher water PH 3 . Positive relationships between PH 3 and TP w (average R 2 = 0.47±0.26) and Chl-a (average R 2 = 0.23±0.31) were observed in Taihu Lake water.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Monitoring of Phosphine and of Phosphorus Species in Taihu Lake Sediments and Phosphine Emission from Lake Sediments

et al. 2005

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“…Phosphine is rare in the earth's environment because it is easily oxidized by air (WHO, 1988), and is difficult to produce. New analytical developments made it possible to detect small amounts of phosphine in soil, sludge and biogases in the environment (Devai et al, 1984(Devai et al, , 1988Devai and DeLaune, 1995;Eismann et al, 1997;Gassmann and Glindemann, 1993;Gassmann and Schorn, 1993;Gassmann, 1994;Glindemann and Bergmann, 1995;Glindemann et al, 1996a;Han et al, 2000;Iverson, 1968;Liu et al, 1999). Tsubota (1959) found not phosphine but phosphites as reduced phosphorus compounds in a Japanese paddy field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several independent reports claim that phosphine can be produced by biochemical processes in the laboratory (Cao et al, 2000;Devai et al, 1984Devai et al, , 1988Eismann et al, 1997;Gassmann and Glindemann, 1993;Iverson, 1968;Jenkins et al, 2000). Most of these results have been summarized in a review (Roels and Verstraete, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphine in soils, sludges, biogases and atmospheric implications—a review

Glindemann

Edwards

Liu³

et al. 2005

Ecological Engineering

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This is a review of previously published and unpublished results of research into the occurrence of phosphine (PH 3 ) in the environment in the form of matrix bound phosphine in soils, aquatic sediments and sludges (range ng kg −1 to g kg −1 ), free phosphine in formed biogases (range ng m −3 to g m −3 ) and in the atmosphere (range pg m −3 to ng m −3 ). The reviewed data support the hypothesis of the existence of a small gaseous link in the phosphorus cycle, which could become important over the long term.Matrix-bound phosphine in soils can be interpreted as a stationary state concentration of phosphine between production and consumption. This phosphine turnover within the soil may be important even if the stationary state concentration (matrix-bound phosphine) is small. Under such circumstances, a slow migration process of phosphine in the interstitial gas sphere of soils is possible. Such a process would influence the balance of phosphorus in agricultural and wetland soil.The detection of easily oxidizable phosphine as a ubiquitous trace gas in the atmosphere can be interpreted as the residue of an important turnover of phosphine between widely distributed emission sources and sinks such as soils and sediments. The atmosphere can carry gaseous phosphorus to remote places.

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“…Therefore, reduction of phosphate for biosynthesis of organophosphonic acids requires significant energy input in the form of ATP (Kim et al 1998). However, in the past, reduction of phosphate to phosphine was repeatedly assumed to occur also as a respiratory process coupled to biomass oxidation (Barrenscheen and Beckh-Widmannstetter 1923;Rudakow 1929;Devai et al 1988;Gassmann and Glindemann 1993), but these reports could never be substantiated in defined cultures, as had to be expected on the basis of the redox potentials mentioned above. Traces of phosphine have been detected in certain anoxic environments such as sediments (Gassmann and Schorn 1993;Devai and DeLaune 1995), paddy fields (Tsubota 1959;Han et al 2000), and manure samples (Devai et al 1999), but it has never been proven that its formation was caused by biological phosphate reduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desulfotignum phosphitoxidans sp. nov., a new marine sulfate reducer that oxidizes phosphite to phosphate

Schink

Thiemann

Laue

et al. 2002

Archives of Microbiology

105

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A new sulfate-reducing bacterium was isolated from marine sediment with phosphite as sole electron donor and CO 2 as the only carbon source. Strain FiPS-3 grew slowly, with doubling times of 3-4 days, and oxidized phosphite, hydrogen, formate, acetate, fumarate, pyruvate, glycine, glutamate, and other substrates nearly completely, with concomitant reduction of sulfate to sulfide. Acetate was formed as a side product to a small extent. Glucose, arabinose, and proline were partly oxidized and partly fermented to acetate plus propionate. Growth with phosphite, hydrogen, or formate was autotrophic. Also, in the presence of sulfate, CO dehydrogenase was present, and added acetate did not increase growth rates or growth yields. In the absence of sulfate, phosphite oxidation was coupled to homoacetogenic acetate formation, with growth yields similar to those in the presence of sulfate. Cells were small rods, 0.6-0.8×2-4 µm in size, and gram-negative, with a G+C content of 53.9 mol%. They contained desulforubidin, but no desulfoviridin. Based on sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and the sulfite reductase genes dsrAB, strain FiPS-3 was found to be closely related to Desulfotignum balticum. However, physiological properties differed in many points from those of D. balticum. These findings justify the establishment of a new species, Desulfotignum phosphitoxidans.

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Phosphane (PH₃) in the Biosphere

Cited by 88 publications

References 7 publications

Simultaneous Monitoring of Phosphine and of Phosphorus Species in Taihu Lake Sediments and Phosphine Emission from Lake Sediments

Simultaneous Monitoring of Phosphine and of Phosphorus Species in Taihu Lake Sediments and Phosphine Emission from Lake Sediments

Phosphine in soils, sludges, biogases and atmospheric implications—a review

Desulfotignum phosphitoxidans sp. nov., a new marine sulfate reducer that oxidizes phosphite to phosphate

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Phosphane (PH3) in the Biosphere

Cited by 88 publications

References 7 publications

Simultaneous Monitoring of Phosphine and of Phosphorus Species in Taihu Lake Sediments and Phosphine Emission from Lake Sediments

Simultaneous Monitoring of Phosphine and of Phosphorus Species in Taihu Lake Sediments and Phosphine Emission from Lake Sediments

Phosphine in soils, sludges, biogases and atmospheric implications—a review

Desulfotignum phosphitoxidans sp. nov., a new marine sulfate reducer that oxidizes phosphite to phosphate

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Phosphane (PH₃) in the Biosphere