Phonological Deletion in American Sign Language

Battison, Robbin

doi:10.1353/sls.1974.0005

Cited by 427 publications

(437 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The latter result confirms that the facilitation found in English derives from the phonological similarities of the picture names rather than pictorial or semantic differences in the materials. Having been replicated in multiple studies (Kuipers & La Heij, 2009;Meyer & Damian, 2007;Navarrete & Costa, 2005; but see Jescheniak, Oppermann, Hantsch, Wagner, Madebach, & Schriefers, 2009) Linguistic analyses on sign articulation in natural languages have revealed four major phonological parameters that are probably universal: handshape, location of the sign relative to the body, movement of the hand, and orientation (Battison, 1978;Sandler & Lollio-Martin, 2006;Stokoe, Casterline, & Croneberg, 1965). These parameters vary cross-linguistically in number and typology, and are combined according to language-specific and language universal constraints giving rise to the whole inventory of signs in a given language.…”

Section: Experiments 1: Phonologically Related Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation cascading in sign production.

Navarrete

Peressotti

Lerose

et al. 2017

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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In this study, we investigated how activation unfolds in sign production by examining whether signs that are not produced have their representations activated by semantics (cascading of activation). Deaf signers were tested with a picture–picture interference task. Participants were presented with pairs of overlapping pictures and named the green picture (target) while ignoring the red picture (distractor). In Experiment 1 we varied whether target and distractor pictures had similar signs. Signs were produced faster with sign-related picture pairs compared to unrelated picture pairs. The facilitation observed with sign-related pairs replicates the 1 obtained in speaking with sound-related pairs (e.g., bed–bell), a finding cited in support of cascading of activation. In Experiments 2A and 2B we focused on sign iconicity, anticipating that cascading of activation would lead to a facilitatory effect of iconicity. Consistent with this prediction, picture distractors with iconic signs induced faster responses. Furthermore, in Experiment 3, facilitation was found for iconic signs in picture naming. Altogether, our results reveal that cascading of activation is a fundamental aspect of language processing that is at play not only in speaking, but also in signing. Our results also help to define which signs are activated in sign production.

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Section: Experiments 1: Phonologically Related Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation cascading in sign production.

Navarrete

Peressotti

Lerose

et al. 2017

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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show abstract

“…Stokoe 1960;Battison 1978) have described four primary phonological parameters that differentiate signs from one another: handshape, movement, orientation and location. Much of the earlier literature focused on ASL, although research since then has shown that many of these hold for other sign languages as well.…”

Section: Phonological Constraints On Native Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…-When both hands are moving, the Symmetry Condition (Battison 1978) specifies that both hands must have the same mirrored location, the same handshape, and the same movement (either simultaneous or alternating). -The Dominance Condition (Battison 1978) specifies that if they do not share the same handshape, then the non-dominant hand remains stationary and is "acted on" by the dominant hand.…”

Section: Phonological Constraints On Native Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sociolinguistic Variation in the Nativisation of BSL Fingerspelling

Brown

Cormier

2017

Open Linguistics

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British Sign Language (BSL) is a visual-gestural language distinct from spoken languages used in the United Kingdom but in contact with them. One product of this contact is the use of fingerspelling to represent English words via their orthography. Fingerspelled loans can become "nativised", adapting manual production to conform more closely to the native lexicon's inventory of phonemic constraints. Much of the previous literature on fingerspelling has focused on one-handed systems but, unlike the majority of sign languages, BSL uses a two-handed manual alphabet. What is the nature of nativisation in BSL, and does it exhibit sociolinguistic variation? We apply a cross-linguistic model of nativisation to BSL Corpus conversation and narrative data (http://bslcorpusproject.org) obtained from 150 signers in 6 UK regions. Mixed effects modelling is employed to determine the influence of social factors. Results show that the participants' home region is the most significant factor, with London and Birmingham signers significantly favouring use of fully nativised fingerspelled forms. Non-nativised sequences are significantly favoured in signers of increasing age in Glasgow and Belfast. Gender and parental language background are not found to be significant factors in nativisation. The findings also suggest a form of reduction specific to London and Birmingham.

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“…As mãos são geralmente descritas na literatura sobre as línguas de sinais por meio dos termos ativo ou passivo e dominante ou não-dominante (BATTISON, 1978). Designa-se como ativa a mão que apresenta movimento e passiva a que fica estacionada, servindo de ponto de articulação para a ativa.…”

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A duplicação do número de mãos de sinais da Libras e seus efeitos semânticos

Xavier¹,

Barbosa

2015

Fórum Linguist.

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duas, apresentam mudança em seu significado. Os dados discutidos aqui, apesar de originalmente coletados a partir de observações de sinalizações espontâneas de diferentes usuários da libras, foram eliciados de duas sinalizantes surdas em sessões separadas. Depois de apresentar as duas formas (com uma e duas mãos) dos sinais selecionados, as sinalizantes foram solicitadas a produzir exemplos de uso para cada uma delas. Os resultados mostraram que a duplicação no número de mãos, em alguns casos para um mesmo sinal, pode se dar por diferentes fatores, entre eles, pluralidade, aspecto e intensidade.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: libras; número de mãos; duplicação; efeitos semânticos. RESUMEN: Según Xavier (2006), existen señales en la Lengua de Señas Brasilera (Libras) que típicamente se producen con una mano y otras con dos. No obstante, trabajos recientes documentan la producción con dos manos de señales que normalmente se realizan con una y viceversa (Xavier, 2011; Barbosa, 2011Barbosa, , 2013. Este trabajo pretende analizar 27 señales de Libras que típicamente se articulan con una mano y que, cuando son producidas con dos, muestran un cambio en su significado. Los datos discutidos aquí, originalmente colectados a partir de observaciones de señales espontáneas de diferentes usuarios de Libras, fueron obtenidos de dos usuarias sordas en sesiones distintas. Tras mostrar las formas unimanuales y bimanuales de las señas seleccionadas, el experimentador solicitó a las usuarias sordas que diesen ejemplos de uso para cada una de ellas. Los resultados muestran que la duplicación del número de manos puede ser causada por distintos factores (como pluralidad, aspecto y intensidad), incluso para una misma señal.PALABRAS CLAVE: Libras, número de manos, duplicación, efectos semánticos.ABSTRACT: According to Xavier (2006), there are signs in the Brazilian sign language (Libras) that are typically developed with one hand, while others are made by both hands. However, recent studies document the communication, with both hands, of signs which usually use only one hand, and vice-versa (XAVIER, 2011; XAVIER, 2013;BARBOSA, 2013). This study aims the discussion of 27 Libras' signs which are typically made with one hand and that, when articulated with both hands, present changes in their meanings. The data discussed hereby, even though originally collected from observations of spontaneous signs from different Libras' users, have been elicited by two deaf patients in distinct sessions. After presenting the two forms of the selected signs (made with one and two hands), the patients were asked to create examples of use for each of the signs. The results proved that the duplication of hands, at least for the same signal in some cases, may happen due to different factors (such as plurality, aspect and intensity).

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Phonological Deletion in American Sign Language

Abstract: The American Sign Language of the deaf (ASL) has a level of structure which is analogous to phonology. The natural basis for both lexical description and analysis of variation is the articulatory dynamics of the hands and body.

Cited by 427 publications

References 3 publications

Activation cascading in sign production.

Activation cascading in sign production.

Sociolinguistic Variation in the Nativisation of BSL Fingerspelling

A duplicação do número de mãos de sinais da Libras e seus efeitos semânticos

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