This study explores the phenomenon of coarticulation in spoken and signed language, focusing in particular on long-distance effects, defined here as the articulatory influence of one phonetic element on another across at least one intervening segment. While a great deal of variability has been found among language users in the production and perception of such effects, the fact that longdistance coarticulation occurs at all has important theoretical implications. Recent work on sign language, together with relevant spoken-language results, offers new insights and raises interesting questions concerning the human language capacity in general.