Phomopsis leptostromiformis: The Causal Fungus of Lupinosis, a Mycotoxicosis, in Sheep

Warmelo, K. T. van; Marasas, Walter F. O.

doi:10.2307/3757835

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Despite their significance as destructive plant pathogens, some species of Phomopsis such as P. leptostromiformis which infects lupines (Lupinus spp. ), also cause lupinosis, a type of mycotoxicosis in sheep which follows consumption of diseased plants (Van Warmelo and Marasas 1972). The report of the occurrence of Human Phaeohyphomycotic Osteomyelitis (a subcutaneous infection of a finger of immunosuppressed female) by a species of Phomopsis resulted in the addition of Phomopsis to the list of coelomycetous fungi capable of causing human diseases (Sutton et al 1999).…”

Section: Life Modes Of Phomopsismentioning

confidence: 97%

“…References: Ostazeski and Wells 1960;van Warmelo and Marasas 1972;Gorter 1977;Sampson and Walker 1982;Cowling et al 1984;Payne 1983;Wood 1986;Uecker 1988;Shivas et al 1991;Mendes et al 1998;Cowley et al 2008 Phomopsis lokoyae G.G. Hahn, Mycologia 25: 374 (1933) Teleomorph: Diaporthe lokoyae A. Funk (1968) Disease and host: Associated with the living and dead cankered trees of Pseudotsuga taxifolia (Douglas fir) and also with P. menziesii, Arceuthobium tsugense, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Distribution: Canada, USA (California, Oregon) Notes: Douglas fir (Pinaceae) is important as a temperate ornamental conifer which is damaged by P. lokoyae.…”

Section: Names Of Common Phytopathogens In Current Usementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The genus Phomopsis: biology, applications, species concepts and names of common phytopathogens

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The genus Phomopsis (teleomorph Diaporthe) comprises phytopathologically important microfungi with diverse host associations and a worldwide distribution. Species concepts in Phomopsis have been based historically on morphology, cultural characteristics and host affiliation. This paper serves to provide an overview of the current status of the taxonomy in Phomopsis with special reference to biology, applications of various species, species concepts, future research perspectives and names of common pathogens, the latter being given taxonomic reappraisal. Accurate species identification is critical to understanding disease epidemiology and in developing effective control measures for plant diseases. Difficulties in accurate species identification using morphology have led to the application of alternative approaches to differentiate species, including virulence and pathogenicity, biochemistry, metabolites, physiology, antagonism, molecular phylogenetics and mating experiments. Redefinition of Phomopsis/Diaporthe species has been ongoing, and some species have been redefined based on a combination of molecular, morphological, cultural, phytopathological and mating type data. Rapid progress in molecular identification has in particular revolutionized taxonomic studies, providing persuasive genetic evidence to define the species boundaries. A backbone ITS based phylogenetic tree is here in generated using the sequences derived from 46 type, epitype cultures, and vouchers and is presented as a rough and quick identification guide for species of Phomopsis. The need for epitypification of taxonomic entities and the need to use multiple loci in phylogenies that better reflect species limits are suggested. The account of names of phytopathogens currently in use are listed alphabetically and annotated with a taxonomic entry, teleomorph, associated hosts and disease symptoms, including brief summaries of taxonomic and phylogenetic research. Available type culture information and details of gene sequences derived from type cultures are also summarized and tabulated.

show abstract

Section: Life Modes Of Phomopsismentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Names Of Common Phytopathogens In Current Usementioning

confidence: 99%

The genus Phomopsis: biology, applications, species concepts and names of common phytopathogens

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some plant pathogenic Diaporthe species are associated with cankers, diebacks, rots, spots and wilts on a wide range of plants, some of which are of economic importance as is the case of citrus, cucurbits, soybeans, eggplant, berries and grapevines (Backman, Weaver & Morgan-Jones, 1985; Merrin, Nair & Tarran, 1995; Farr, Castlebury & Rossman, 2002; Farr et al , 2002; Shishido et al, 2006). Less frequently, Diaporthe species can also cause lupinosis and other health problems in humans and other mammals (Van Warmelo & Marasas, 1972; Sutton et al, 1999; Battilani et al, 2011; Garcia-Reyne et al, 2011). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating multi-locus phylogenies for species boundaries determination in the genusDiaporthe

Santos

Alves

2017

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundSpecies identification is essential for controlling disease, understanding epidemiology, and to guide the implementation of phytosanitary measures against fungi from the genus Diaporthe. Accurate Diaporthe species separation requires using multi-loci phylogenies. However, defining the optimal set of loci that can be used for species identification is still an open problem.MethodsHere we addressed that problem by identifying five loci that have been sequenced in 142 Diaporthe isolates representing 96 species: TEF1, TUB, CAL, HIS and ITS. We then used every possible combination of those loci to build, analyse, and compare phylogenetic trees.ResultsAs expected, species separation is better when all five loci are simultaneously used to build the phylogeny of the isolates. However, removing the ITS locus has little effect on reconstructed phylogenies, identifying the TEF1-TUB-CAL-HIS 4-loci tree as almost equivalent to the 5-loci tree. We further identify the best 3-loci, 2-loci, and 1-locus trees that should be used for species separation in the genus.DiscussionOur results question the current use of the ITS locus for DNA barcoding in the genus Diaporthe and suggest that TEF1 might be a better choice if one locus barcoding needs to be done.

show abstract

“…leptostromiformis (highly toxicogenic) only produced the anamorph state, while var. They also compared the morphologies of the two anamorph states and determined that the descriptions of P. leptostromiformis provided by van Warmelo et al (1970), van Warmelo and Marasas (1972) and Punithalingam (1974) were consistent with var. The teleomorph was identical to the descriptions of Diaporthe woodii (Punithalingam, 1974;Punithalingam and Gibson, 1975;Wood and Sivasithamparam, 1989).…”

Section: Naming Of the Fungus That Produces Phomopsinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…nov. They also compared the morphologies of the two anamorph states and determined that the descriptions of P. leptostromiformis provided by van Warmelo et al (1970), van Warmelo and Marasas (1972) and Punithalingam (1974) were consistent with var. occidentalis, the weakly toxicogenic taxon.…”

Section: Naming Of the Fungus That Produces Phomopsinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the risks for animal and public health related to the presence of phomopsins in feed and food

2012

EFSA Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phomopsins are a family of mycotoxins produced by the fungus Diaporthe toxica (formerly referred to as Phomopsis leptostromiformis). Lupins are the main host for the fungus, and infected stubble is the major source of animal exposure to phomopsins. Lupin seed is used in food and feed production, but the extent is poorly documented and data on the occurrence of phomopsins in lupin-based foods and feeds are limited. Therefore, it was not possible to assess dietary intake of phomopsins. Phomopsins are modified polypeptides, which bind with high affinity to tubulin isotypes and disrupt microtubular functions. Phomopsin A, the major toxic congener, is hepatotoxic in all animal species tested at sufficient doses. Phomopsin A is also hepatocarcinogenic in rats. The absence of either dose-response information on toxicities associated with phomopsins or exposure/occurrence data precludes an assessment of human or animal risks. However, the severity of toxicities in numerous animal species suggests that human and livestock exposures should be kept as low as possible.

show abstract

Phomopsis leptostromiformis: The Causal Fungus of Lupinosis, a Mycotoxicosis, in Sheep

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

The genus Phomopsis: biology, applications, species concepts and names of common phytopathogens

The genus Phomopsis: biology, applications, species concepts and names of common phytopathogens

Evaluating multi-locus phylogenies for species boundaries determination in the genusDiaporthe

Scientific Opinion on the risks for animal and public health related to the presence of phomopsins in feed and food

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About