Phlebotomines (Diptera, Psychodidae) in the Speleological Province of the Ribeira Valley: 3. Serra district - area of hostels for tourists who visit the Parque Estadual do Alto Ribeira (PETAR), state of São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Phlebotomines (Diptera, Psychodidae) in the Speleological Province of the Ribeira Valley: 3. Area of hostels for tourists who visit the Parque Estadual do Alto Ribeira (PETAR), state of São Paulo, Brazil. The study characterizes some ecological aspects of the phlebotomine fauna in an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) situated in the Serra district, Iporanga municipality where the hostels for tourists visiting the PETAR are located. Captures were undertaken on a smallholding and a small farm situated near the hostels, monthly between January/2001 and December/2003 with automatic light traps (ALT) in pigsty, henhouse and veranda of a domicile at the two sites, and in peridomicile of the small farm also with black/white Shannon traps. With the ALT a total of 87,224 phlebotomines representing 19 species and also two hybrids of Nyssomyia intermedia (Lutz & Neiva) and Nyssomyia neivai (Pinto) and two anomalous specimens were captured. The standardized index species abundance was for Ny. intermedia = 1.0 and Ny. neivai = 0.935. The highest frequencies of the smallholding occurred in the pigsty, the Williams' mean/ capture for Ny. intermedia being 63.7 specimens and for Ny. neivai 29.2, and on the small farm, in the hen-house, Ny. intermedia 402.6 and Ny. neivai 116.2. A total of 863 phlebotomines (Ny. intermedia: 75.4%; Ny. neivai: 24.3%) were captured with black/ white Shannon traps; females of both species being predominant in the white trap. The high frequencies of Ny. intermedia and Ny. neivai, both implicated in CL transmission, indicate the areas presenting risk of the disease.KEYWORDS. Ecology; leishmaniases; Lutzomyia longipalpis; Phlebotominae; vectors.RESUMO. Phlebotominae (Diptera, Psychodidae) na Província Espeleológica do Vale do Ribeira: 3. Área de pousadas para turistas que visitam o Parque Estadual do Alto Ribeira (PETAR), estado de São Paulo, Brasil. O estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar alguns aspectos ecológicos da fauna flebotomínea em área endêmica de leishmaniose tegumentar situada do Bairro Serra, município de Iporanga, onde se situam pousadas para turistas que visitam o PETAR. As capturas foram realizadas em uma chácara e em um sítio, mensalmente, entre janeiro de 2001 e dezembro de 2003, com armadilhas automáticas luminosas (AAL) em chiqueiro, galinheiro e varanda do domicílio de ambos os locais, e no sítio, também com armadilhas de Shannon branca/preta. Capturou-se com as AALs um total de 87.224 flebotomíneos, representando 19 espécies, mais dois híbridos de Nyssomyia intermedia (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) e Nyssomyia neivai (Pinto, 1926) e dois espécimes anômalos. Ny. intermedia apresentou o índice de abundância das espécies padronizado = 1,0 e Ny. neivai = 0,935. Na chácara, ambas predominaram no chiqueiro, com a média geométrica de Williams/captura para Ny. intermedia = 63,7 espécimes e para Ny. neivai = 29,2, e no sítio, no galinheiro, Ny. intermedia = 402,6 e Ny. neivai = 116,2. Capturou-se nas armadilhas de Shannon branca/preta 863 flebotomíneos: Ny. intermedia (75,...

Blood feeding patterns of Nyssomyia intermedia and Nyssomyia neivai (Diptera, Psychodidae) in a cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic area of the Ribeira Valley, State of São Paulo, Brazil

“…neivai is more common in the whole Southern region and westward from the Atlantic plateau in the State of São Paulo. However, these species are sympatric in the Ribeira Valley region of São Paulo 13,18,19 where the present study was performed 4 .…”

“…The captures on the AG small farm were performed monthly from March 2001 to December 2003 using modifi ed automatic light traps in a hen house, a pigsty and on the porch of one house 4 . During a dispersion study, sandfl ies were also obtained from two other locations: a peridomicile situated 180m from the AG small farm and a cave located 2km from the farm.…”

“…The Ribeira Valley region has one of the highest incidences of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in the State of São Paulo 4,5 . This region had a total of 1,174 cutaneous leishmaniasis cases registered between 1998 and 2006 and one of the highest average annual incidence coeffi cients in the State of São Paulo (47.71/100,000 inhabitants).…”

“…This region had a total of 1,174 cutaneous leishmaniasis cases registered between 1998 and 2006 and one of the highest average annual incidence coeffi cients in the State of São Paulo (47.71/100,000 inhabitants). The Serra district is situated in the Iporanga municipality, which has an incidence coeffi cient of 152.9/100,000 inhabitants, one of the highest in the Ribeira Valley region 4 .…”

“…intermedia) (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) and Nyssomyia neivai (Ny. neivai) (Pinto, 1926), which are the predominant sandfl y species among the 19 species found in the Serra district 4,10 and the suspected transmission vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis agents 11 .…”