Bionomy: Biology of Neotropical Phlebotomine Sand Flies

Brazil, Reginaldo Peçanha; Brazil, Beatriz Gomes

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75544-1_5

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…When we consider the sexual behaviour of L. longipalpis in nature, males display a lekking behaviour (Jarvis and Rutledge, 1992;Jones and Quinnell, 2002) where they arrive first at the host and then females arrive. Copulation likely happens during or immediately after blood-feeding on the host or nearby (Brazil and Brazil, 2018). Hence most copulation may involve recently fed females, potentially reducing sexual isolation and causing a higher level of introgression between closely related species making it more difficult for species to evolve complete sexual isolation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our study trials were performed 24 hours after blood-feeding. Since blood is essential for egg maturation and oviposition begins 3 days after the ingestion of blood (Brazil and Brazil, 2018), blood-feeding essentially starts a clock for successful reproduction. Virgin females also lay eggs if they ingest blood, so it is likely that as days pass female mate discrimination decreases in order to increase the chance of becoming inseminated, even accepting a less suitable mate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Drosophila, mating frequency increases in the presence of food (Grosjean et al, 2011;Gorter et al, 2016). In hematophagous insects, blood feeding is a major aspect of their biology, since in most species females need the blood the develop the eggs (Clements, 2000;Lehane, 2005;Brazil and Brazil, 2018), however it is seldom considered how feeding affects reproductive success. Females blood-feed after mating in mosquitos (Takken et al, 2006;Dieng et al, 2019) and it is not clear if this is also the case in sandflies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dinner and a show: The role of male copulatory courtship song and female blood-feeding in the reproductive success of Lutzomyia longipalpis from Lapinha, Brazil

Vigoder

Araki

Carvalho

et al. 2020

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dinner and a show: The role of male copulatory courtship song and female blood-feeding in the reproductive success of Lutzomyia longipalpis from Lapinha, Brazil

Vigoder

Araki

Carvalho

et al. 2020

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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“…Adult sand flies of both sexes feed routinely in sugar sources as nectar, honeydew, or fruit juices, and only females require a blood meal from a vertebrate host for egg development. 4,46,47 In laboratory or field conditions, sand fly sugar meals are mimicked artificially using sugar baits (e.g. cotton embedded in a sugar solution).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of anti‐Leishmania compounds in the behavior of the sand fly vector Lutzomyia longipalpis

Ferreira

Brazil

McDowell

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Leishmaniasis is an infectious parasitic disease caused by pathogens of the genus Leishmania transmitted through the bite of adult female sand flies. To reduce case numbers, it is necessary to combine different control approaches, especially those aimed at the sand fly vectors. Innovative forms of control with the use of attractive sugar baits explored the fact that adult sand flies need to feed on sugars of plant origin. Leishmania parasites develop in the gut of sand flies, interacting with the sugars in the diet of adults. Recent studies have shown that sugar baits containing plant‐derived compounds can reduce sand fly survival, the number of parasites per gut, and the percentage of infected sand flies. Several synthetic compounds produced from naphthoquinones and pterocarpans have anti‐parasitic activity on Leishmania amazonensis and/or Leishmania infantum in cell culture. This work aimed to assess the inclusion of these compounds in sugar baits for blocking transmission, targeting the development of the Leishmania parasite inside the sand fly vector. RESULTS We evaluated the attractant or repellent properties of these compounds, as well as of the reference compound N,N′‐diethyl‐m‐toluamide (DEET), in sugar baits. We also observed changes in feeding preference caused by these compounds, looking for anti‐feeding or stimulation of ingestion. Pterocarpanquinone L4 and pentamidine showed attractant and repellent properties, respectively. CONCLUSION Based on the effects in feeding preference and intake volume, pterocarpanquinone L6, and the pyrazole‐derived compound P8 were chosen as the most promising compounds for the future development of anti‐Leishmania sugar baits. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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“…Nesta última fase, os indivíduos apresentam tamanho diminuto (1,5-3mm de comprimento), corpo piloso e hábitos crepuscular e póscrepuscular, sendo que durante o dia eles se abrigam em lugares úmidos e protegidos do sol, como: tocas de animais, fendas no solo, troncos de árvores, rachaduras nas paredes e cantos escuros das residências (KILLICK- KENDRICK, 1990;FELICIANGELI, 2004). Embora ainda existam lacunas quanto ao conhecimento da biologia de algumas espécies, sabe-se que as formas imaturas se desenvolvem sob resíduos orgânicos e que o dimorfismo sexual é expresso em termos morfológicos e comportamentais, por exemplo: as fêmeas possuem probóscides alongadas e cibário adaptados para hematofagia, os machos são fitófagos e possuem apêndices abdominais adaptados para a cópula (BRAZIL;BRAZIL, 2018) (DINIZ et al, 2005;RIERA;VALLADARES, 1996;SILVA et al, 2009;TURCHETTI et al, 2014). A detecção do parasito em recém-nascidos e natimortos associada ao aborto e a alterações macro e microscópicas na placenta de cadelas sintomáticas e assintomáticas, sugerem a disseminação do protozoário por via vertical (DUBEY et al, 2005;PANGRAZIO et al, 2009;DA SILVA et al, 2009).…”

Section: O Agente Etiológico Das Leishmaniosesunclassified

Caracterização molecular e avaliação da infectividade in vitro e in vivo de duas cepas de Leishmania spp. isoladas de cães naturalmente infectados

Oliveira¹

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Leishmaniasis can take on two main clinical forms: visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and cutaneous leishmaniasis (LC). In urban areas, the dog participates as a reservoir of Leishmania infantum (causing LV) and, because of this, is the target of the disease control strategies. These animals can also be found naturally infected by the species that lead to the development of LC. Although these infections are rare, some findings in the literature have opened the question about the role of these animals in the biological cycle of these species and their infective potential. Thus, it becomes important the molecular characterization and evaluation of the infective behavior of these parasites. The present study aimed to identify the species of two wild strains isolated from dogs from the city of Uberlândia (MG), as well as the evaluation of their in vitro behavior and infectivity to canine macrophages of commercial lineage and BALB / c mice. To this end, the amplification products of the ITS1 and hsp70 targets of Leishmania spp. were subjected to enzyme restriction (PCR-RFLP). The in vitro proliferation profile was established by the growth curve, with UDI-1 and UDI-2 being compared to two reference strains, Ba199 (MHOM/BR/1989/Ba199-L. amazonensis) and BH401 (MCAN/BR/2002/BH401-L. infantum). In vitro infectivity experiments were performed using macrophages (DH82), as well as promastigotes of stationary phase and axenic amastigotes of wild and reference strains. In vivo evaluation of the infection was verified by analyzing the parasite load in the liver, spleen and lesions of mice infected with the four parasite strains (UDI-1, UDI-2, Ba199, BH401). In addition, the infection kinetics were verified by weight monitoring, lesion size and behavior. The results of PCR-RFLP showed that UDI-1 presented a profile of pairs of bands similar to L. amazonensis and UDI-2 to L. infantum. The in vitro behavior differed between UDI-2 and BH401, being similar between UDI-1 and Ba199. Stationary phase promastigotes of UDI-1 showed the highest infectivity capacity compared to the other strains, and when using axenic amastigote forms, BH401 was the strain with the highest infectivity index. In both cases, UDI-2 showed the lowest infectivity in vitro. In vivo, UDI-1 induced lesions more rapidly (three weeks) and had a higher mean parasitic load on lesion and liver compared to Ba199. The metastatic phenotype was verified, with consequent visceralization of UDI-1. In contrast, the mean values of the parasitic load of UDI-2 were lower than those of BH401 in the evaluated tissues (liver and spleen). No behavioral changes and no natural gain were observed. Together, these data show that among the wild strains, UDI-1 shows the best infectivity capacity in vitro and in vivo, and UDI-2 exhibited the least infective phenotype. In addition, this is the first report on the natural infection of a dog with L. amazonensis in the Triângulo Mineiro (MG) region.

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Bionomy: Biology of Neotropical Phlebotomine Sand Flies

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

Dinner and a show: The role of male copulatory courtship song and female blood-feeding in the reproductive success of Lutzomyia longipalpis from Lapinha, Brazil

Dinner and a show: The role of male copulatory courtship song and female blood-feeding in the reproductive success of Lutzomyia longipalpis from Lapinha, Brazil

Effects of anti‐Leishmania compounds in the behavior of the sand fly vector Lutzomyia longipalpis

Caracterização molecular e avaliação da infectividade in vitro e in vivo de duas cepas de Leishmania spp. isoladas de cães naturalmente infectados

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