Philosophy of Medical Technology

Hansson, Oskar

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-51667-1.50049-5

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…The intended purposes of medical technology may be diagnostic (identifying disease or health condition), therapeutic (treating disease or health condition), function enhancing (improving abilities beyond impairment from disease or health condition), enabling (improve abilities and capabilities impaired by disease or health condition), or preventive (reduce risk of disease or health condition) purposes [13]. Bespoke surgical tools are a therapeutic technology, as surgeons would use them to treat existing diseases or health conditions in patients [13]. Unwanted events would be unintended harm to patients caused by the tools, and the tool's failure to perform as intended by the surgeon.…”

Section: Risk and Medical Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethical risks of AI-designed products: bespoke surgical tools as a case study

2022

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An emerging use of machine learning (ML) is creating products optimised using computational design for individual users and produced using 3D printing. One potential application is bespoke surgical tools optimised for specific patients. While optimised tool designs benefit patients and surgeons, there is the risk that computational design may also create unexpected designs that are unsuitable for use with potentially harmful consequences. We interviewed potential stakeholders to identify both established and unique technical risks associated with the use of computational design for surgical tool design and applied ethical risk analysis (eRA) to identify how stakeholders might be exposed to ethical risk within this process. The main findings of this research are twofold. First, distinguishing between unique and established risks for new medical technologies helps identify where existing methods of risk mitigation may be applicable to a surgical innovation, and where new means of mitigating risks may be needed. Second, the value of distinguishing between technical and ethical risks in such a system is that it identifies the key responsibilities for managing these risks and allows for any potential interdependencies between stakeholders in managing these risks to be made explicit. The approach demonstrated in this paper may be applied to understanding the implications of new AI and ML applications in healthcare and other high consequence domains.

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Section: Risk and Medical Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethical risks of AI-designed products: bespoke surgical tools as a case study

2022

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“…The issues at this site appeared to be more to do with differences of professional opinion over the value and benefit of the technology, rather than more practical problems of how to ensure implementation. 21 for the treatment of breast cancer patients. Its adoption brought changes to the patient care pathway -which were generally perceived by health-care staff to be beneficial -but also required changes in work practices that were not always easy to implement.…”

Section: Discussion and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five major types of health-care-related technology have been identified, based on the purpose of the technology: 21 l Diagnostic technology enables treatment or palliative care to take place, by identifying diseases and other conditions. l Therapeutic technology is used in treating diseases.…”

Section: Types Of Clinical Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitating technology adoption in the NHS: negotiating the organisational and policy context – a qualitative study

Llewellyn

Procter

Harvey

et al. 2014

Health Services and Delivery Research

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“…Es por ello que existen formas de movilizarse, trabajar, estudiar, recrearse, entre otras, en las que son necesarios cada uno de los sentidos, de las partes del cuerpo o de las facultades mentales y que niegan oportunidades a aquellos que tienen diferencias orgánicas, los cuales se desempeñan de manera diversa. La tecnología de asistencia es el uso de mecanismos que ejecutan funciones por una persona (Ove Hansson, 2009). Entre los dispositivos se pueden incluir aquellos como los softwares para lectura a los ciegos, controles remotos para cerrar ventanas o puertas, las casas inteligentes, entre otros.…”

Section: Cinco Enfoques Para Estudiar La Discapacidad Y Su Relación Con La Tecnosociedadunclassified

Discapacidad y tecnosociedad

Reyes

2016

Rev. latinoam. bioet

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<p>Este artículo tiene como objetivo hacer una reflexión en torno a las consecuencias de la discapacidad en una sociedad que está cada vez más centrada en los avances de la ciencia y la tecnología para resolver sus problemas, lo que ha llevado a un cambio en la valoración de las personas con discapacidad. Para esto se desarrolla una reflexión a partir de una propuesta de estudio sobre la discapacidad desde diferentes enfoques de forma interdisciplinar y se basa en la visión de la discapacidad en una sociedad tecno-científica, haciendo hincapié en los problemas que requieren atención. Las personas en condición de discapacidad han sufrido históricamente tratos eugenésicos, marginaciones, discriminación y falta de oportunidades para alcanzar una inclusión social real. Es dentro del campo de la bioética desde donde se deben no solo reivindicar los derechos que como ciudadanos tiene este colectivo, sino también señalar su dignidad, más allá de su condición ontológica como seres humanos, para considerar a estas personas como merecedoras de condiciones de vida apropiadas, tratos justos e igualitarios y a tomar sus propias decisiones. Así pues, estudiar la discapacidad como parte de la naturaleza de los seres humanos requiere miradas y trabajos interdisciplinares para resolver las dificultades que este colectivo afronta. Los aspectos sociales, políticos y culturales han sido marcados por condiciones técnicas que califican su grado de productividad y competencia. La bioética está llamada a poner en reflexión la dignidad, vulnerabilidad, autonomía de este grupo de personas que requieren formas de comprensión distintas, que reclaman el control de su existencia. </p>

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Philosophy of Medical Technology

Cited by 7 publications

References 85 publications

Ethical risks of AI-designed products: bespoke surgical tools as a case study

Ethical risks of AI-designed products: bespoke surgical tools as a case study

Facilitating technology adoption in the NHS: negotiating the organisational and policy context – a qualitative study

Discapacidad y tecnosociedad

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