Phi and Psi shaped conductive routes for improved cooling in a heat generating piece

Cooling profiles of laser induced temperature fields for superconducting vanadium nitrate products

“…(10)- (14) yields Eq. (15) and Tables 5 and 6 (14) where q III (W/m 3 ) is the heat production per unit volume, ϕ is the ratio of the cross sectional area occupied by the fluid to the total volume of the element.…”

“…Hence, the shape of the conducting thick plate is important. The Phi and Psi shaped plate had been discovered to be more efficient than the X-shaped or rectangular plate [14]. In this paper, the vanadium nitride was investigated using the probe laser to estimate the thermal emission signals on the basis of Planck's blackbody radiation intensity distribution law.…”

Analysis and Optimization of the Fan-Pad Evaporative Cooling System for Greenhouse Based on CFD

“…Local refinement technique was applied to depict the complicated air flow character in the vicinity of the evaporative pad, fans, and walls. Hence, densest meshes presented near these regions to capture the sharp temperature and air velocity gradients in these regions [24,25]. In order to ensure the independency of the results from grid mesh, several grids with different densities were applied to the computations [26,27].…”

Numerical study of thermodynamic effects on liquid nitrogen cavitating flows

“…Most cavitation models assume the multiphase flow to be a homogenous single-fluid, and apply either a barotropic equation of state (EOS) [27][28][29][30] or a transport equation [2,[31][32][33][34][35][36] to solve the variable mixture density field in the cavitation process. The physical properties are expected to significantly affect the nature of cavitation behaviors in cryogenic cavitating flows [28], and then the thermodynamic effects on this mass and heat transfer process are highlighted [37][38][39][40][41][42]. The major challenge in using these transport equation-based cavitation models is the formation of the source terms and the empirical coefficients involved for vaporization and condensation processes.…”