Phenotypic–genotypic resistance in Salmonella spp. isolated from cattle carcasses from the north central zone of the State of Mexico

Abstract

Salmonella is a public and animal health problem due to the generation of strains multiresistant to antimicrobial products. The objective of this study was to determine prevalence and antimicrobial phenotypic and genotypic resistance of Salmonella spp. isolated from beef cattle carcasses killed in slaughterhouses of the north central zone of the State of Mexico. Sampling was carried out according to the European Directive 2001/471/EC; isolation and identification of the strain was carried out according to the Mexican Official Standard NOM-114-SSA1-1994; resistance was established by CMI according to the National Committees for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCLS) and multiplex PCR according to Ahmed et al. (Journal of Applied Microbiology 106:402-409, 2009) with PSE-1, tetG, qnrS, FloR, STR, and sul1 oligonucleotides. Twenty-seven strains of Salmonella spp. were obtained from 327 samples (prevalence of 0.083); 19 strains (70 %) were resistant to 10 μg/ml of ampicillin, 15 of these (79 %) had the PSE-1 gene; 22 strains (84 %) were resistant to 30 μg/ml streptomycin, 14 of these (63.6 %) had the STR gene. Genes PSE-1 and STR were factors in the presence of resistance, the rest of the genes (tetG, qnrS, FloR, and sul1) were not factors of resistance in the studied strains.

Serotypes and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella isolated from fresh beef processing and chilled fresh beef samples produced and marketed in the metropolitan region of Cuiab, in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil

“…S. Infantis displaying resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole has been observed in carcasses and in natura bovine meat from Mexico, in strains isolated from slaughterhouses (Cabrera-Diaz et al, 2013), as well as S. Anatum from retail markets (Perez-Montaño et al, 2012). S. Panama sensitive to all tested antibiotics have also been detected in slaughtered carcasses (Cabrera-Diaz et al, 2013;Varela-Guerrero et al, 2013), corroborating the present findings. S. Panama strains resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim have also been observed in ground beef samples from the State of Jalisco, Mexico (Cabrera-Diaz et al, 2013).…”

“…Anatum and S. Infantis were observed both in the bovine carcasses and by-products (bone meal and viscera). S. Anatum is commonly found in cattle and has frequently been detected in feces, skin, lymph nodes, meat fluids and bovine carcasses of both dairy and beef in the southern United States (Kunze et al, 2008), as well as in beef from Mexico (Varela-Guerrero et al, 2013), Namibia (Shilangale et al, 2015) and South Africa (Madoroba et al, 2016). Serotypes S. Infantis and S. Panama were also reported in carcasses and processed meat from four slaughterhouses in the State of Jalisco, Mexico (Perez-Montaño et al, 2012).…”

Perfil de resistencia a antibióticos de serotipos de Salmonella spp. aislados de carne de res molida en la Ciudad de México

“…1,8 En México, las investigaciones más recientes sobre carne de res fueron realizadas entre cinco y 13 años atrás. [9][10][11][12][13] Por tanto, resulta necesario generar información actualizada que contribuya a evaluar el riesgo a la salud pública derivado de la presencia de Salmonella spp. en carne de bovino, que es el segundo tipo de carne más consumido en el país.…”

“…Sin embargo, todos los que se identificaron se han encontrado anteriormente en muestras de carne cruda y se han reconocido como causantes de infecciones transmitidas por alimentos en humanos en México y en otros países. 6,[26][27][28] Aunque la distribución de serotipos de Salmonella tanto en alimentos como en casos clínicos suele ser muy variable, 1,2,8,29 la predominancia de S. Lomita no coincide con estudios anteriores realizados en México, 6,9,12,26,30 en los que se reportan frecuencias nulas de esta serovariedad tanto en muestras clínicas como en alimentos. No obstante se ha sugerido que el hallazgo de cepas que podrían considerarse "exóticas" en determinadas regiones podría deberse a la globalización comercial y a la intensificación del turismo, los cuales favorecen la introducción e intercambio de distintos serotipos de Salmonella entre países.…”

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“…Los animales domésticos son los mayores reservorios de Salmonella, cuya producción de carnes y derivados son los vehículos mayormente reportados en brotes de salmonelosis transmitidas por alimentos (WHO, 2018a). Desde la década de los 90s, en México se aisló Salmonella en un 42.76 % en alimentos de origen animal, principalmente de carne de cerdo, res y pollo (Charles- Hernández et al, 2007;Zaidi et al, 2006;Zaidi et al, 2008;Camacho et al, 2010;Rubio et al, 2013;Varela-Guerrero et al, 2013; Nayarit-Ballesteros…”