Phenols and Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Chimney Emissions from Traditional and Modern Residential Wood Burning

Kjällstrand, Jennica; Petersson, Göran

doi:10.1080/09593332208618271

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…The ion trap mass spectrometer was Varian Saturn 2000 with electron impact ionisation. Further analytical data were given in a previous study of chimney smoke from firewood burning [6].…”

Section: Sampling and Laboratory Detenninationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Occurrence of ethenylbenzene (styrene) is characteristic of wood smoke [6,8]. The presence of oxygen-containing compounds like benzaldehyde, phenol, benzofuran and dibenzofuran was to be expected, considering the high oxygen content in wood.…”

Section: Emissions From Pellet Burners In Residential Boilersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentration of benzene was about ten times higher than that of methylbenzene (toluene). A lower ratio has been assessed for firewood smoke [6,8].…”

Section: Emissions From Pellet Burners In Residential Boilersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore of interest to determine chimney emissions of specific organic compounds from pellet burning. Comparisons can then be made with primary thermal degradation products released from wood pellets [5], from firewood [6] and from forest biomass [7]. Comparisons can also be made with emitted volatile hydrocarbons from firewood [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emissions of aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols and other aromatic compounds from pellet burning in residential stoves and boilers are reported. The analytical key to the wide range of assessed compounds was the adsorption on Tenax cartridges in combination with thermal desorption and GC-MS with proper chromatographic performance [6]. A wider perspective addressed is an environmentally sustainable use of wood pellets in relation to other biofuels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specific chimney emissions and biofuel characteristics of softwood pellets for residential heating in Sweden

Olsson

Kjällstrand

Petersson

2003

Biomass and Bioenergy

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Softwood pellets are mainly produced from sawdust and to some extent from wood shavings. The moisture content is typically less than half of that in firewood. The present annual residential use in Sweden for pellet burners in boilers and for pellet stoves amounts to more than 100 000 tonnes and is increasing rapidly. The total annual production capacity at the more than 20 units exceeds one million tonnes, and permits continued rapid replacement of firewood and petroleum oil for residential heating.With the purpose of characterising emissions to air, chimney smoke was sampled, and specific compounds were assessed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Benzene was the predominant aromatic compound in emissions from pellet burners. The smoke from stoves contained methoxyphenols with antioxidant properties and lower proportions of aromatic hydrocarbons. Observed differences in emissions from specific burning appliances are of interest with regard to both health hazards and regulation of emissions.Consideration of ecological aspects and pollution hazards indicates that wood pellets should be used primarily for residential heating, whereas controlled large-scale combustion is preferable for most other types of biomass waste.

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“…The ion trap mass spectrometer was Varian Saturn 2000 with electron impact ionisation. Further analytical data were given in a previous study of chimney smoke from firewood burning [6].…”

Section: Sampling and Laboratory Detenninationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Emissions From Pellet Burners In Residential Boilersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentration of benzene was about ten times higher than that of methylbenzene (toluene). A lower ratio has been assessed for firewood smoke [6,8].…”

Section: Emissions From Pellet Burners In Residential Boilersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specific chimney emissions and biofuel characteristics of softwood pellets for residential heating in Sweden

Olsson

Kjällstrand

Petersson

2003

Biomass and Bioenergy

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Organic tracers in aerosols from the residential combustion of pellets and agro-fuels

Alves

Vicente

Rocha

et al. 2016

Air Qual Atmos Health

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Low emissions from wood burning in an ecolabelled residential boiler

Olsson

Kjällstrand

2006

Atmospheric Environment

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Emissions of organic compounds from wood burning in a modern ecolabelled residential boiler (30 kW) were studied. Smoke was collected in the chimney outlet at different times during the burning cycle for subsequent analysis by gas chromatography.The studied ecolabelled wood boiler had high combustion efficiency, and the flaming phase emissions were very low. The greenhouse gas methane was determined in low concentrations of about a few mg m -3 and was the major volatile hydrocarbon emitted. The methane emission factor was calculated to 0.04 g kg -1 dry fuel. Benzene, in the range 0.1-1 mg m -3 , was the predominant aromatic compound emitted. Other major aromatic compounds were methylbenzene, dimethylbenzenes and ethenylbenzene. The concentrations of the studied polycyclic aromatic compounds were generally low, except for naphthalene, which was the third most prominent aromatic compound. However, the total emissions of these health and environmentally hazardous compounds were low.The already low emissions of most of the organic compounds decreased further towards the end of the burning cycle, although the concentration of carbon monoxide increased. This indicates that large carbon monoxide emissions are not necessarily linked to large emissions of organic compounds. Relative to benzene, the concentrations of many of the aromatic compounds studied were higher in the glowing combustion phase, than in the flaming combustion phase. The total environmental and health impact of the studied emissions from the ecolabelled boiler is considered to be low. This wood boiler can be recommended as an environmentally sound residential heating alternative.

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Phenols and Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Chimney Emissions from Traditional and Modern Residential Wood Burning

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Specific chimney emissions and biofuel characteristics of softwood pellets for residential heating in Sweden

Specific chimney emissions and biofuel characteristics of softwood pellets for residential heating in Sweden

Organic tracers in aerosols from the residential combustion of pellets and agro-fuels

Low emissions from wood burning in an ecolabelled residential boiler

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