Phenology and host preferences Phlebotomus perniciosus (Diptera: Phlebotominae) in a focus of Toscana virus (TOSV) in South of France

Cotteaux-Lautard, Christelle; Leparc-Goffart, Isabelle; Bérenger, Jean Michel; Plumet, Sébastien; Pagès, Frédéric

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.020

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Our results support the role of mammals as the main bloodmeal sources of the sand fly species studied here, with ostrich representing the only bird species identified. Previous bloodmeal analysis has identified a variety of hosts including artiodactyls, rodents, lagomorphs, canids, felids, bats, humans, birds, reptiles and amphibians (Bravo‐Barriga et al, ; Cotteaux‐Lautard et al, ; González et al, ; Jiménez et al, ; Maia et al, ; Valinsky et al, ). These results support the opportunistic feeding behaviour of sand flies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adult females are responsible for parasite transmission as they require a bloodmeal to produce eggs (Killick‐Kendrick, ). Warm‐ and cold‐blooded vertebrates have been recorded as potential blood sources of these vectors (Cotteaux‐Lautard, Leparc‐Goffart, Berenger, Plumet, & Pages, ; Latrofa et al, ; Maia et al, , ). A number of approaches have been developed for the identification of the host origin of sand fly bloodmeals, including competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (Bongiorno, Habluetzel, Khoury, & Maroli, ; De Colmenares et al, ) and, more recently, molecular tools.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selecting appropriate methods for accurate diagnosis has been the focus of much attention. Several genes have been successfully used including mitochondrial cytochrome b and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), 12S and 16S rRNA genes (Alcaide et al, ; Bennai et al, ; Branco et al, ; Bravo‐Barriga et al, ; Cotteaux‐Lautard et al, ; González et al, ; González, Jiménez, Hernández, Martín‐Martín, & Molina, ; Jiménez et al, ; Maia et al, ; Valinsky, Ettinger, Bar‐Gal, & Orshan, ) and the nuclear prepronociceptin (PNOC) gene (Haouas et al, ; Jaouadi et al, ). Moreover, molecular diagnosis of L. infantum infection indicates that many of vertebrate species may become infected with the parasite, but their ability to transmit infection back to the vector and therefore their potential contribution to the epidemiology of infection has not been proven in most cases (Quinnell & Courtenay, ; Tomassone et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular xenomonitoring and host identification of Leishmania sand fly vectors in a Mediterranean periurban wildlife park

Muñoz

Puente

Figuerola

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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The epidemiological cycle of zoonotic phlebotomine‐borne Leishmania infantum is a complex system in which domestic animals and wildlife interact and participate in its maintenance and transmission. In this study, we combined entomological surveillance, xenomonitoring of L. infantum and identification of host feeding sources of engorged females to investigate the potential contribution of a periurban wildlife park to leishmaniosis in neighbouring residential areas. Overall, 7,309 sand flies were collected in 111 trap‐days during the summers of 2016–2018 in an endemic area in south‐east Spain. Five different sand fly species were captured, with Phlebotomus perniciosus, the main L. infantum vector in this region, representing the most common species. Sand fly distribution was spatially heterogeneous in terms of species, sexes and female physiological stage (unfed, gravid and engorged females) and related to host distribution and management, and environmental features. None of the 602 sand flies analysed for L. infantum infection by kinetoplast real‐time PCR were positive. We used molecular tools to identify the vertebrate hosts of sand flies and identified 17 host species, mainly mammals. Human DNA was not identified in engorged sand flies. This study provides evidence that wildlife parks in south‐east Spain are ideal grounds for sand fly vectors but do not necessarily increase L. infantum infection risk to humans and dogs living in surrounding residential areas. This is probably because vectors feed mostly on non‐L. infantum competent hosts and this should be investigated for a better understanding of the contribution of wildlife parks to the local epidemiology of L. infantum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular xenomonitoring and host identification of Leishmania sand fly vectors in a Mediterranean periurban wildlife park

Muñoz

Puente

Figuerola

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…pernicosus density patterns recorded in different years from the same sites. In two consecutive years, a wide mono-modal trend and two partially overlapping peaks, respectively, were reported in Rome province [ 29 ]; analogously, a large mono-modal and a sharp bi-modal trend where shown in Marseille area after 2 years, respectively [ 70 ]. Hence, in sites located at intermediate and higher latitudes the potential behavior of P .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Dynamics of Phlebotomine Sand Fly Species Proven Vectors of Mediterranean Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania infantum

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe recent geographical expansion of phlebotomine vectors of Leishmania infantum in the Mediterranean subregion has been attributed to ongoing climate changes. At these latitudes, the activity of sand flies is typically seasonal; because seasonal phenomena are also sensitive to general variations in climate, current phenological data sets can provide a baseline for continuing investigations on sand fly population dynamics that may impact on future scenarios of leishmaniasis transmission. With this aim, in 2011–2013 a consortium of partners from eight Mediterranean countries carried out entomological investigations in sites where L. infantum transmission was recently reported.Methods/Principal FindingsA common protocol for sand fly collection included monthly captures by CDC light traps, complemented by sticky traps in most of the sites. Collections were replicated for more than one season in order to reduce the effects of local weather events. In each site, the trapping effort was left unchanged throughout the survey to legitimate inter-seasonal comparisons. Data from 99,000 collected specimens were analyzed, resulting in the description of seasonal dynamics of 56,000 sand flies belonging to L. infantum vector species throughout a wide geographical area, namely P. perniciosus (Portugal, Spain and Italy), P. ariasi (France), P. neglectus (Greece), P. tobbi (Cyprus and Turkey), P. balcanicus and P. kandelakii (Georgia). Time of sand fly appearance/disappearance in collections differed between sites, and seasonal densities showed variations in each site. Significant correlations were found between latitude/mean annual temperature of sites and i) the first month of sand fly appearance, that ranged from early April to the first half of June; ii) the type of density trend, varying from a single peak in July/August to multiple peaks increasing in magnitude from May through September. A 3-modal trend, recorded for P. tobbi in Cyprus, represents a novel finding for a L. infantum vector. Adults ended the activity starting from mid September through November, without significant correlation with latitude/mean annual temperature of sites. The period of potential exposure to L.infantum in the Mediterranean subregion, as inferred by adult densities calculated from 3 years, 37 sites and 6 competent vector species, was associated to a regular bell-shaped density curve having a wide peak center encompassing the July-September period, and falling between early May to late October for more than 99% of values. Apparently no risk for leishmaniasis transmission took place from December through March in the years considered. We found a common pattern of nocturnal females activity, whose density peaked between 11 pm and 2 am.ConclusionsDespite annual variations, multiple collections performed over consecutive years provided homogeneous patterns of the potential behavior of leishmaniasis vectors in selected sites, which we propose may represent sentinel areas for future monitoring. In the investigated years, higher potential ri...

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“…Sandflies feed on many vertebrate species and are considered opportunistic blood feeders (Bongiorno et al ., ; Maia et al ., ; Cotteaux‐Lautard et al ., ). However, not all the vertebrates are bitten with the same frequency and studies in mosquitoes have shown that preference for a particular host species can be variable between and within populations of the same insect species (Kent, ; Takken & Verhulst, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A spatial ecology study in a high‐diversity host community to understand blood‐feeding behaviour in Phlebotomus sandfly vectors of Leishmania

Pérez‐Cutillas

Muñoz

Puente

et al. 2020

Medical Vet Entomology

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Molecular studies indicate that Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) blood feed on many vertebrate species, of which only a few are proven parasite reservoirs. Investigating sandfly vector feeding preferences is therefore important and requires taking into account the availability and accessibility of host species. In terms of the latter, it is necessary to consider the metabolic cost to the insect of reaching the host and moving on to a suitable breeding site. The present study used statistical modelling to compare the feeding patterns of Phlebotomus perniciosus (n = 150), Phlebotomus papatasi (n = 35) and Phlebotomus ariasi (n = 7) on each of an average of 30 host species in a wildlife park in Murcia, Spain. Sandfly feeding movement costs were estimated as a function of the distance and altitude gradients saved by the insect, assuming that they displayed 'site fidelity'. Most (87%) engorged females were caught <100 m from the host on which they had fed. Although the percentage of bloodmeals was highest on fallow deer (Dama dama) (30%) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) (26%), the predicted feeding probability after considering movement cost was highest for red deer and common eland (Taurotragus oryx), and positively associated with host census. These results suggest that, under similar circumstances, sandflies prefer to feed on some host species more than on others.

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Phenology and host preferences Phlebotomus perniciosus (Diptera: Phlebotominae) in a focus of Toscana virus (TOSV) in South of France

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

Molecular xenomonitoring and host identification of Leishmania sand fly vectors in a Mediterranean periurban wildlife park

Molecular xenomonitoring and host identification of Leishmania sand fly vectors in a Mediterranean periurban wildlife park

Seasonal Dynamics of Phlebotomine Sand Fly Species Proven Vectors of Mediterranean Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania infantum

A spatial ecology study in a high‐diversity host community to understand blood‐feeding behaviour in Phlebotomus sandfly vectors of Leishmania

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