Phenological Patterns and Adaptations in an Artemisia/Agropyron Plant Community

Pitt, Michael D.; Wikeem, Brian M.

doi:10.2307/3898931

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…In this manner, regrowth is allowed to occur, continuing the main growing season. It is likely that, as found by Pitt and Wikeem [1990], soil moisture is a strong control of growth in many grasslands. For this research, we chose to employ simple, commonly available meteorological data to drive the models.…”

Section: Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 82%

A continental phenology model for monitoring vegetation responses to interannual climatic variability

White¹,

Thornton²,

Running³

1997

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

1,060

883

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Abstract. Regional phenology is important in ecosystem simulation models and coupled biosphere/atmosphere models. In the continental United States, the timing of the onset of greenness in the spring (leaf expansion, grass green-up) and offset of greenness in the fall (leaf abscission, cessation of height growth, grass brown-off) are strongly influenced by meteorological and climatological conditions. We developed predictive phenology models based on traditional phenology research using commonly available meteorological and climatological data. Predictions were compared with satellite phenology observations at numerous 20 km x 20 km contiguous landcover sites. Onset mean absolute error was 7.2 days in the deciduous broadleaf forest (DBF) biome and 6.1 days in the grassland biome. Offset mean absolute error was 5.3 days in the DBF biorne and 6.3 days in the grassland biome. Maximum expected errors at a 95% probability level ranged from 10 to 14 days. Onset was strongly associated with temperature summations in both grassland and DBF biomes; DBF offset was best predicted with a photoperiod function, while grassland offset required a combination of precipitation and temperature controls.

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Section: Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 82%

A continental phenology model for monitoring vegetation responses to interannual climatic variability

White¹,

Thornton²,

Running³

1997

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

1,060

883

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“…For example, Knapp (1984) found that the reproductive effort could be significantly diminished during drought. Pitt and Wikeem (1990) also found that soil moisture was a strong controlling factor of plant growth in middle latitude steppe. But many phenological models or phenological modules in a dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM) for grassland ecosystems were found to be solely driven by temperature (Verseghy et al 1993;White et al 1997;Foley et al 1996;Sitch et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…However, very little work has been reported so far on plant phenology in grassland ecosystems, where phenology is controlled by both soil moisture and temperature in one particular climatic regime (Dickinson and Dodd 1976;Pitt and Wikeem 1990;Stewart and Dwyer 1994). In some savanna and desert shrub grassland ecosystems, which are totally driven by water, plant growth is largely controlled by precipitation and drought stress (Burk 1982;Kemp 1983;Sharifi et al 1988;Xu and Baldocchi 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating phenological characteristics of two dominant grass species in a semi‐arid steppe ecosystem

Yuan

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2007

Ecological Research

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Vegetation phenology has a strong effect on terrestrial carbon cycles, local weather, and global radiation partitioning between sensible and latent heat fluxes. Based on phenological data that were collected from a typical steppe ecosystem at Xilingol Grazing and Meteorological Station from 1985 to 2003, we studied the phenological characteristics of Leymus chinensis and Stipa krylovii. We found that the dates for budburst of L. chinensis and S. krylovii were delayed with increasing temperature during winter and spring seasons; these results differed from existing research in which earlier spring events were attributed to the changes in increasing air temperature in winter and spring. The results also suggested that water availability was an important controlling factor for phenology in addition to temperature in grassland plants. The classical cumulative temperature model simulated the phenology well in wet years, but not in the beginning of growing season in all years from 1985 to 2003. The disparity between the simulation and the observation appeared to be related to soil water. Based on our research findings, a water-heatbased phenological model was developed for simulating the beginning of growing season for these two grass species. The simulated results of the new model showed a significant correlation with the observation of beginning date of the growing season, and both mean values of the absolute error were less than 6 days.

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“…Flowering or pollination occurs during late summer to mid-fall with fruit development commencing almost simultaneously with flowering and achenes (dry single-seeded fruit) ) maturing during midfall to midwinter (DePuit and Caldwell1973; Everett and others 1980;Pitt and Wikeem 1990;Sauer and Uresk 1976). Thus, reproductive growth occurs when water supplies and temperatures are not particularly favorable; in fact, during this period, big sagebrush plants have started shedding ephemeral leaves from vegetative shoots and neighboring plant species are largely dormant (Miller and others 1983).…”

Section: Seed Production ________________ Reproductive Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The small mature achenes or seeds are wind dispersed from midfall to midwinter; however, big sagebrush achenes lack special structures that would aid in long distance dispersal, 100 feet being maximum (Everett and others 1980;Pendleton and others 1989;Pitt and Wikeem 1990;Sauer and Uresk 1976;Welch and others 1990;. Most achenes are dispersed within 3 or 4 feet from the mother plant, and achenes are not dispersed evenly but are heavily influenced by wind direction.…”

Section: Seed Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Big sagebrush: A sea fragmented into lakes, ponds, and puddles

Welch¹

2005

107

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Pioneers traveling along the Oregon Trail from western Nebraska, through Wyoming and southern Idaho and into eastern Oregon, referred to their travel as an 800 mile journey through a sea of sagebrush, mainly big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata). Today approximately 50 percent of the sagebrush sea has given way to agriculture, cities and towns, and other human developments. What remains is further fragmented by range management practices, creeping expansion of woodlands, alien weed species, and the historic view that big sagebrush is a worthless plant. Two ideas are promoted in this report: (1) big sagebrush is a nursing mother to a host of organisms that range from microscopic fungi to large mammals, and (2) many range management practices applied to big sagebrush ecosystems are not science based.

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Phenological Patterns and Adaptations in an Artemisia/Agropyron Plant Community

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

A continental phenology model for monitoring vegetation responses to interannual climatic variability

A continental phenology model for monitoring vegetation responses to interannual climatic variability

Simulating phenological characteristics of two dominant grass species in a semi‐arid steppe ecosystem

Big sagebrush: A sea fragmented into lakes, ponds, and puddles

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