Phenolics Contents, Xanthine Oxidoreductase Inhibitory Potential, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Cachrys libanotis L. Root Extracts

Abstract

To date, no studies have investigated the phytochemical screening and biological activities of Cachrys libanotis L. traditionally used for the treatment of gout and rheumatism. Therefore, we aimed to investigate, for the first time, the phytochemical contents, the xanthine oxidoreductase inhibition, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities of extracts derived from the roots of C. libanotis L. Roots were submitted to extraction and fractionation using three different solvents sequentially, in the ascending order of polarity. Subsequently, XOR was purified from bovine milk and its inhibition was evaluated using xanthine/XOR system. The antioxidant activities were assessed employed superoxide scavenging, β- carotene bleaching, DPPH scavenging, ferrous iron chelation and FRAP assays). The antibacterial activity was tested by disc diffusion assay against 11 ATCC strains. Extraction and fractionation gave crude extract (CrE), hexane extract (HxE), chloroform extract (ChE), ethyle acetate extract (EAE) and aqueous extract (AqE). EAE exhibited the highest XOR inhibitory effect. CrE exhibited the highest effect as DPPH scavenger. All fractions exhibited a good activity against linoleate oxidation. Both CrE and AqE had an excellent chelating activity. Extracts showed a medium reducing power with greatest value exhibited by EAE. The plant extracts exhibited moderate to good antibacterial activity where the HxE extract had the strongest antimicrobial activity. From the obtained results, C. libanotis roots might be helpful in preventing or slowing the progress of gout, and it could be used as an additive in the food industry providing good protection against oxidative damage.
 Keywords: Cachrys libanotis, polyphenols, oxidative stress, xanthine-oxidoreductase (XOR), antimicrobial.

Cachrys L. Genus: A Comprehensive Review on Botany, Phytochemistry and Biological Properties

“…Cachrys libanotis has been reported to be traditionally used in the treatment of rheumatism [ 20 ]. Cachrys alpine M.Bieb.…”

“…The crude extract also showed the highest radical scavenging activity (IC 50 = 0.41 ± 0.01 mg/mL). Moreover, all the fractions were effective in protecting linoleic acid from peroxidation [ 20 ].…”

“…The antibacterial activity of C. libanotis was tested on different bacterial strains by Aouachria and colleagues. The hydroalcoholic root crude extract was effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Staphylococcus aureus , and Bacillus cereus , while its chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions showed an antibacterial effect against Bacillus cereus , Enterococcus faecalis , and Lysteria monocytogenes [ 20 ].…”

“…The raw extract was then fractionated using solvents with increasing polarity with liquid-liquid extraction, to achieve the corresponding hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions. A good xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) inhibitory effect was observed for the ethyl acetate fraction, with a reported IC 50 value equal to 0.11 mg/mL [ 20 ].…”

Cachrys libanotis L. Extracts: Photocytotoxic Effects on UVA-Irradiated Human Melanoma Cells

“…The aim of the work was to investigate the photobiological properties of Cachrys libanotis L. (Apiaceae). This species is widely distributed around the Mediterranean basin [6].…”