Phenolic profiling and in vitro antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antimonoamine oxidase properties of aqueous extract of African star apple (Chrysophyllum albidum) fruit parts

Abstract

African star apple is a tropical edible fruit that is widely consumed among Nigerians. This present study investigated the antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antimonoamine oxidase properties of African star apple fruit parts (flesh pulp, seed coat, and back coat) in vitro. The aqueous extracts of different parts were prepared. Thereafter, the effect on cholinesterases (acetylcholinesterase [AChE] and butyrylcholinesterase [BChE]) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) activities and antioxidant potentials (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and hydroxyl) scavenging abilities and Fe 21 chelation abilities were investigated. Phenolic contents were also assayed for, and HPLC-DAD characterization of the phenolic constituents was carried out. The results revealed that the extracts inhibited AChE, BChE, and MAO activities and exhibited antioxidant properties. Also, there is abundance of caffeic acid, quercetin, chlorogenic acid and cyanidin as revealed by HPLC-DAD. In lieu of these findings, African star apple could be considered a cheap source of antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory compounds relevant in prevention/management of neurodegeneration. Practical applicationThe use of antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antimonoamine oxidase compounds has long been identified as useful therapeutic measures for the management of several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Nevertheless, the several side effects of such synthetic compounds have limited their use and make natural biomolecules with similar therapeutic properties good alternatives. Here, we present the various fruit parts of African star apple as rich sources of antioxidants, as well as cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase inhibitors which could offer tremendous neuroprotective properties especially in the management of neurodegenerative diseases.

African star apple fruit pulp‐supplemented diet modulates fertility‐related biomolecules in the testis and epididymis of high‐fat diet/streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats

“…It was also shown that administration of metformin and the supplemented diets lowered the activity of arginase in the testis and epididymis and were significantly different (p < 5%) from the diabetic untreated group while 10% supplementation gave the more pronounced effect on the arginase activity in the testis only. This may result from the presence of the phenolic compounds in the supplemented diets as previously reported by Oboh, Adebayo, Ejakpovi, Ogunsuyi, and Boligon (2018). According to Oboh et al (2018), the fruit pulp was reported to be rich in phenolic compounds such as caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin.…”

“…This may result from the presence of the phenolic compounds in the supplemented diets as previously reported by Oboh, Adebayo, Ejakpovi, Ogunsuyi, and Boligon (2018). According to Oboh et al (2018), the fruit pulp was reported to be rich in phenolic compounds such as caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin.…”

Orange peels modulate antioxidant markers and key enzymes relevant to erection in the penile tissue of paroxetine‐treated rats

“…Analysis of phenolic compounds present in orange peels was carried out using high‐performance liquid chromatography as previously described by Oboh, Adebayo, Ejakpovi, Ogunsuyi, and Boligon (). The chromatography peaks were confirmed by comparing its retention time with those of reference standards and by DAD spectra (200–500 nm).…”

Phenolic distribution, antioxidant activity, and enzyme inhibitory properties of eggplant ( Solanum aethiopicum ) cultivated in two different locations within Nigeria

“…Analysis of phenolic components of eggplant fruits collected from Ibadan and Uyo was performed according to the standard procedure of Oboh, Adebayo, Ejakpovi, Ogunsuyi, and Boligon (2018). Eggplant extract (12 mg/ml) was injected by means of a model SIL-20A Shimadzu auto sampler.…”