Phenolic constituents, pharmacological activities, quality control, and metabolism of Dracaena species: A review

Sun, Jing; Liu, Jiani; Fan, Bin; Chen, Xiaonan; Pang, Dan; Zheng, Jiao; Zhang, Qian; Zhao, Yunfang; Xiao, Wei; Tu, Pengfei; Song, Yuelin; Li, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2019.112138

Cited by 53 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Dragon's blood is the name given to a deep red exudate obtained from different species of five distinct plant genera: Croton, Dracaena, Daemonorops, Pterocarpus, and Calamus [69,107,129]. However, the original source of dragon's blood is supposed to be D. cinnabari from the Indian Ocean island of Soqotra [130].…”

Section: Chemical Diversity Of Dracaena Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemical composition of resin in Dracaena species is very complex. Numerous phytochemical studies of resins from the Dracaena species resulted in the isolation and subsequent identification of sterols [135][136][137][138], steroidal saponins [110,[138][139][140][141], lignans [138], and terpenoids [131,135,[142][143][144], flavonoids (recently reviewed by Sun et al [129], bioflavonoids [145,146], carotenoids [109,138], and aromatic compounds [107,[147][148][149][150][151].…”

Section: Chemical Diversity Of Dracaena Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dragon´s blood was used for its antiseptic properties from ancient times and the resins are still a natural remedy in some cultures today [130]. Polyphenols are bioactive components of Dracaena resins and they are responsible for broad pharmacological activities, such as hemostatic, antidiarrheic, antiulcer [152], antimicrobial [153], antiviral [154], antitumor and cytostatic [155], anti-inflammatory and analgesic [156], antioxidative [157], hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic [107,129] (reviewed by Gupta et al [107] and Sun et al [129]). Furthermore, modern pharmacological evaluations revealed the bi-directional regulatory effects of the polyphenolic extracts of Dracaena resin on hemorheology and cardiovascular [158] and cerebrovascular systems (reviewed by Sun et al [129]).…”

Section: Bioactive Properties Of Dracaena Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The harvesting ( Figure 2c) and processing of dragon´s blood by local inhabitants on Soqotra has been preserved in its traditional ancient form to this day [27]. There is no similar record in scientific literature for other species of dragon trees, although we can assume, especially in East Asia, that similar methods could be used for dragon´s blood harvesting of D. cochinchinensis and D. cambodiana, where is broadly used in traditional ethnomedicine [11,68,107,129].…”

Section: The Management and Harvesting Of Dracaena Cinnabari Resinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What We Know and What We Do Not Know about Dragon Trees?

Maděra

Forrest

Hanáček

et al. 2020

Forests

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This article is a broad review focused on dragon trees—one of the most famous groups of trees in the world, well known from ancient times. These tertiary relicts are severely endangered in most of the area where they grow. The characteristic features of the dragon tree group are described and the species belonging to this group are listed. This review gathers together current knowledge regarding the taxonomy, evolution, anatomy and morphology, physiology, and ontogeny of arborescent dragon tree species. Attention is also paid to the composition, harvesting, medicinal, and ethnobotanical use of the resin (dragons’ blood). An evaluation of population structure, distribution, ecology, threats, and nature conservation forms the final part of the review. In the conclusions we recommend further avenues of research that will be needed to effectively protect all dragon tree species.

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Section: Chemical Diversity Of Dracaena Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical Diversity Of Dracaena Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bioactive Properties Of Dracaena Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Management and Harvesting Of Dracaena Cinnabari Resinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What We Know and What We Do Not Know about Dragon Trees?

Maděra

Forrest

Hanáček

et al. 2020

Forests

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show abstract

“…It can also improve wound healing [ 33 ] and has been used for the treatment of skin diseases [ 34 , 35 ]. Further, RD can facilitate blood circulation and improve platelet function [ 36 , 37 ]. RD has anti-inflammatory effects [ 38 ] and antitumor activities [ 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resina Draconis Reduces Acute Liver Injury and Promotes Liver Regeneration after 2/3 Partial Hepatectomy in Mice

Lou

Zhao

et al. 2020

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Aim. To investigate the protective effects and possible mechanisms of action of resina draconis (RD) on acute liver injury and liver regeneration after 2/3 partial hepatectomy (PH) in mice. Methods. 2/3 PH was used to induce acute liver injury. Mice were divided into three groups: sham, vehicle + 2/3 PH, and RD + 2/3 PH. Resina draconis was administered intragastrically after 2/3 PH into the RD + 2/3 PH group, and the same volume of vehicle (1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) was injected into the vehicle + 2/3 PH group and sham group mice. The index of liver to body weight (ILBW) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were assayed to evaluate liver regeneration. Blood and liver tissues were collected for serological and western blotting analysis. Results. Resina draconis protected against 2/3 PH-induced acute severe liver injury and promoted liver regeneration as shown by significantly increased ILBW compared with that of controls. 2/3 PH increased serum AST and ALT levels, which were significantly decreased by RD treatment, while 2/3 PH decreased serum TP and ALB, which were increased by RD treatment. In the RD + 2/3 PH group, PCNA expression was significantly increased compared with the 2/3 PH group. Further, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), TNFα, and EGFR levels were increased in the RD group at postoperative days 2 and 4 compared with the those in the 2/3 PH group. Conclusion. Our results suggest that RD ameliorates acute hepatic injury and promotes liver cell proliferation, liver weight restoration, and liver function after 2/3 PH, probably via HGF, TNFα, and EGFR signaling.

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Integrative identification of human serpin PAI‐1 inhibitors from Dracaena dragon blood and molecular implications for inhibitor‐induced PAI‐1 allosterism

Liu

Shen

et al. 2021

Biotech and App Biochem

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Human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is an important component of the coagulation system and has been recognized as a potential therapeutic target of diverse cardiovascular disorders. Previously, it was found that the extracts from the Chinese medicine Dracaena dragon blood have potent inhibitory activity against PAI-1, but it is unclear which constituents directly participate in the inhibition and how do they regulate PAI-1 at molecular level. Here, we describe an integrated strategy to identify the dragon blood's chemical constituents that can directly target PAI-1. With the strategy, five compounds 1-5 are hit as promising PAI-1 inhibitor candidates, from which three are measured to have high or moderate activity against PAI-1. In particular, the compound 3 is determined to exhibit the highest potency; this value is roughly comparable with the widely used PAI-1 inhibitor Tiplaxtinin. We further examine the molecular effect of compound 3 on PAI-1 conformation at structural level. It is supposed that small-molecule inhibitor regulates the reactive center loop (RCL) of PAI-1 through an allosterism, that is, binding of compound 3 to PAI-1 can allosterically stabilize RCL in latent form, thus promoting PAI-1 conformational conversion from metastable active form to the inactive latent form. Long-term atomistic simulations also demonstrate that removal of compound 3 can destabilize the structured β-stranded conformation of RCL in latent form, although the current simulations are still not sufficient to characterize the full conversion dynamics trajectory.

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Phenolic constituents, pharmacological activities, quality control, and metabolism of Dracaena species: A review

Cited by 53 publications

References 35 publications

What We Know and What We Do Not Know about Dragon Trees?

What We Know and What We Do Not Know about Dragon Trees?

Resina Draconis Reduces Acute Liver Injury and Promotes Liver Regeneration after 2/3 Partial Hepatectomy in Mice

Integrative identification of human serpin PAI‐1 inhibitors from Dracaena dragon blood and molecular implications for inhibitor‐induced PAI‐1 allosterism

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