Phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and in vitro inhibitory potential against key enzymes relevant for hyperglycemia and hypertension of commonly used medicinal plants, herbs and spices in Latin America

In vitro inhibition activity of polyphenol-rich extracts from Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry (Clove) buds against carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes and Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas

“…It is noteworthy that the phenol-rich extracts from clove buds showed significantly (P< 0.05) higher alphaglucosidase inhibitory activities than their respective alphaamylase inhibitory activities. This result follows similar trend with previously published works that plant phytochemicals are mild inhibitors of alpha-amylase and strong inhibitors of alpha-glucosidase activities [7,11,16] . Therefore, stronger inhibition of ahpha-glucosidase activity and mild inhibition of alpha-amylase activity exhibited by the extracts may be of great nutraceutical importance, in minimizing some of the side effect (such as abdominal distention, flatulence, meteorism and possibly diarrhea) associated with the drugs (Acarbose and Voglibose), presently used for the management of diabetes.…”

“…Plant foods rich in polyphenolic fractions have been reported to cause insulin-like effects in glucose utilization [10] , act as good inhibitors of key enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes [11,12] and lipid peroxidation in tissues [13,14] . It is well-known that phenolic compounds also contribute to quality of food in terms of modifying color, taste, aroma and flavour [15,16] .…”

Use of cereal bars with quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa W.) to reduce risk factors related to cardiovascular diseases

“…These studies include soybeans, eggplant, and oats, which have been exhaustively investigated with respect to their beneficial effects on dyslipidemias. Other studies have focused on plants such as Glycine Max (L.), Mentha piperita, Cassia esculenta, Curcuma sp., Ananas comosus, green tea, amaranth and others (BARBALHO; FARINAZZI-MACHADO, 2011;BARBALHO et al, 2011;RANILLA et al, 2010;QI et al, 2010;BAÑOS;PÉREZ-TORRES;EL HAFIDI, 2008;GRASSI et al, 2008;ALUKO, 2008;MARTIROSYAN et al, 2007;XIE et al, 2005;KUO et al, 2005). Matsuo (2005) demonstrated that the use of this grain can also be beneficial for increasing the production of liver antioxidant enzymes.…”

“…There are plants that may contribute to the reduction of the body mass index (BMI) and show beneficial effects on the control of arterial blood pressure, such as Matico (Piper angustifolium R.), Guascas (Galinsoga parviflora), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.), fruits of Embelia ribes Burm, soy (Glycine max L.), and psyllium (Plantago psyllium L.) (RANILLA et al, 2010;SHIN et al, 2010;GRASSI et al, 2008;ALUKO, 2008;BHANDARI;ANSARI;ISLAM, 2008;MASKARINE et al, 2008;CICERO et al, 2007). In this study, after 30 days using quinoa cereal bar, 42.2% of the individuals showed reduced blood pressure and 40.7% showed reduced body weight.…”

Evaluation of Antioxidative and Antidiabetic Activity of Bark of Holarrhena Pubescens Wall

“…Implication of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus is also suggested due to non-enzymatic protein glycosylation, auto-oxidation of glucose, impaired glutathione metabolism, alteration in antioxidant enzymes and formation of lipid peroxides [6]. High phenolic and antioxidants containing plants are found to have higher antihyperglycemic activity in diabetes [7], so many plants, herbs and spices are studied since time immemorial to evaluate the antioxidant and antidiabetic potential.…”