Pheno-climatography of Spring Peach Bud Development1

Richardson, Elizabeth; Seeley, Schuyler D.; Walker, D. R.; Anderson, J. L.; Ashcroft, Gaylen L.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.10.3.236

Cited by 130 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Over the entire study period, snow depth always reached zero after 1 March. We also calculated GDD using a threshold temperature of 5.0°C (Anderson et al, 1986; Richardson et al, 1975). Since snowpack insulates the soil surface (Inouye & McGuire, 1991; Lundquist & Lott, 2008), we calculated GDD accumulated beginning from the date of snowmelt timing for each year.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowering time advances since the 1970s in a sagebrush steppe community: Implications for management and restoration

Bloom

O’Leary

Riginos

2022

Ecological Applications

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Climate change is widely known to affect plant phenology, but little is known about how these impacts manifest in the widespread sagebrush ecosystem of the Western United States, which supports a number of wildlife species of concern. Shifts in plant phenology can trigger consequences for the plants themselves as well as the communities of consumers that depend upon them. We assembled historical observations of first-flowering dates for 51 species collected in the 1970s and 1980s in a montane sagebrush community in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem and compared these to contemporary phenological observations targeting the same species and locations (2016)(2017)(2018)(2019). We also assembled regional climate data (average spring temperature, day of spring snowmelt, and growing degree days) and tested the relationship between first-flowering time and these variables for each species. We observed the largest change in phenology in early-spring flowers, which, as a group, bloomed on average 17 days earlier, and as much as 36 days earlier, in the contemporary data set. Mid-summer flowers bloomed on average 10 days earlier, nonnative species 15 days earlier, and berry-producing shrubs 5 days earlier, while late summer flowering plants did not shift. The greatest correlates of early-spring and mid-summer flowering were average spring temperature and day of snowmelt, which was 21 days earlier, on average, in 2016-2019 relative to the 1973-1978 observations. The shifts in flowering phenology that we observed could indicate developing asynchronies or novel synchronies of these plant resources and wildlife species of conservation concern, including Greater Sage-grouse, whose nesting success is tied to availability of spring forbs; grizzly bears, which rely heavily on berries for their fall diet; and pollinators. This underscores the importance of maintaining a diverse portfolio of native plants in terms of species composition, genetics, phenological responsiveness to climatic cues, and ecological importance to key wildlife and pollinator species.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowering time advances since the 1970s in a sagebrush steppe community: Implications for management and restoration

Bloom

O’Leary

Riginos

2022

Ecological Applications

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“…Heat requirements were investigated by adding the growing degree hours (GDH), and temperatures above 4.5°C were taken into account (Richardson et al, 1975). Temperatures above 25°C were not taken into account in this assessment.…”

Section: Heat Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earliness, Yield, and Fruit Quality Attributes of Low-Chilling Peach-Nectarine Cultivars with the Application of Low Biuret Urea and Calcium Nitrate

Çalışkan

Kilic

2022

Horticultural Studies

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This study aimed to determine the effects of low biuret urea and calcium nitrate application on earliness, fruit set, yield, and fruit quality characteristics in ‘Astoria’, ‘Maya’ peaches, and ‘Garbaja’ nectarine cultivars. In the study, Bud Feed (low biuret urea 15%) and calcium nitrate (Calcium oxide 12% and total nitrogen 7%) were applied 35 days before bud break. In this study, flowering and fruit set, harvest times, fruit yield, and quality characteristics were evaluated. The source of temperatures used to calculate chill accumulation (expressed as hours below 7°C and chill unit) and growing degree hours was investigated. Bud Feed application provided earliness of 2 days in ‘Astoria’ and ‘Garbaja’ cultivars and 3 days in ‘Maya’ cultivar. This application was a positive effect on flowering and final fruit set in all cultivars compared to control plants. The application was more effective in increasing the yield per tree by 33.72% (Astoria), 41.00% (‘Maya’), and 52.18% (‘Garbaja’). Bud Feed application was improved fruit size in ‘Garbaja’ and ‘Astoria’ cultivars, whereas this application produced more intense fruit skin color in ‘Maya’ and ‘Garbaja’ cultivars. These results showed that bud feed application can be used to prevent yield and fruit quality losses in peach-nectarines in warm winter under Mediterranean climate conditions.

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“…Re search to quantify the contribution of various dormancy processes and the degree of over all dormancy intensity is still in the pioneer ing stages. Richardson et al (54) were the first to attempt to model the changes in fruit tree buds from endodormancy through eco dormancy to bud burst, based on accumu lation of temperature-related units. Kobayashi et al (32) have attempted to " quantify" the stages and intensity of dormancy of woody perennial buds via a numerical descriptive scale called degree growth stage (°GS).…”

Section: System Expansion For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endo-, Para-, and Ecodormancy: Physiological Terminology and Classification for Dormancy Research

Lang

Early

Martin

et al. 1987

horts

615

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Plant dormancy has a major impact on the cultivation of plants, influencing such processes as seed germination, flowering, and vegetative growth. The diversity of plant tissues that exhibit, or contribute to the manifestation of, dormancy is great, and there appear to be numerous mechanisms of dormancy induction or release. This complexity was discussed by Romberger (55) nearly 25 years ago. Yet his analysis of the unresolved challenges in dormancy research is still valid today, for the overall understanding of dormancy is limited. This lack of understanding may be due, in part, to the abundance of terminology that has arisen without a nomenclatural framework in which to classify and relate the events being described.

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Pheno-climatography of Spring Peach Bud Development1

Cited by 130 publications

References 0 publications

Flowering time advances since the 1970s in a sagebrush steppe community: Implications for management and restoration

Flowering time advances since the 1970s in a sagebrush steppe community: Implications for management and restoration

Earliness, Yield, and Fruit Quality Attributes of Low-Chilling Peach-Nectarine Cultivars with the Application of Low Biuret Urea and Calcium Nitrate

Endo-, Para-, and Ecodormancy: Physiological Terminology and Classification for Dormancy Research

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