Pharmacology of Sleep

Dailey, Janet H.; Chowdhuri, Susmita

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-93739-3_2

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Sleep is a physiological process essential to maintain homeostasis; therefore, sleep disturbance acts as a stress factor and affects physical symptoms and brain functions [ 2 ]. Sleep disorders are usually treated using pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stress and sleep disorders are very common among modern people, and most patients tend to overcome them with alcohol or over-the-counter drugs instead of prescription drugs [ 1 ]. Drugs, such as benzodiazepine (BDZ), zolpidem, and zopiclone, are often used to treat insomnia [ 2 ]. However, long-term use of these drugs induce drug dependence and side effects, such as headache, nightmares, daytime fatigue, nausea, dizziness, and falls [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sleep-promoting activity of amylase-treated Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L. Dunal) root extract via GABA receptors

Park¹,

Hong²,

Suh³

et al. 2023

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

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Ashwagandha ( Withania somnifera L. Dunal), an Indian medicinal plant that has been used for centuries to treat insomnia, exhibits a variety of biological activities, such as improving cognitive function, immunity and anxiety. In this study, the effect of enzyme-treated Ashwagandha root extract (EA) and on sleep was evaluated using rodent models. Starch contained in the Ashwagandha root extract was removed by amylase treatment to prepare EA. To evaluate the sleep-promoting activity of EA, a pentobarbital-induced sleep test and electroencephalogram analysis were performed. In addition, the sleep-promoting mechanism of EA was elucidated by analyzing the expression of sleep-related receptors. In the pentobarbital-induced sleep test, EA dose-dependently increased sleep duration. Additionally, electroencephalogram analysis revealed that EA significantly increased δ-wave and non-rapid eye movement sleep times, which are involved in deep sleep, thereby improving sleep quality and quantity. EA also effectively relieved caffeine-induced insomnia symptoms. Furthermore, the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content in the brain and mRNA and protein expression of GABA A , GABA B1 , and serotonin receptors were significantly increased by EA compared to the normal group. In particular, EA showed sleep-promoting activity by binding to various GABAA receptor sites. Collectively, EA exhibited sleep-promoting activity through the GABAergic system and may be used as a functional material to improve sleep deprivation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep-promoting activity of amylase-treated Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L. Dunal) root extract via GABA receptors

Park¹,

Hong²,

Suh³

et al. 2023

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

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show abstract

“…These drugs affect ANS regulation by exerting neuroleptic effects and blocking SNS receptors. Antipsychotics with strong anticholinergic properties are associated with a reduction in SNS activity [43,44]. However, the use of sleep medications is primarily focused on suppressing SNS activity at night.…”

Section: Medications Disrupt Bidirectional Associations Between Sleep...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sleep Duration on Autonomic Nervous System Regulation in Patients with Plausible Alzheimer: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Liu,

Yang,

Sharma

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep duration, dementia severity, age, and ANS regulation. This cross-sectional pilot study included 27 older patients with probable Alzheimer’s disease, hospitalized at a psychiatric center. We measured heart rate variability to assess ANS regulation at night, evaluated dementia severity using the Clinical Dementia Rating scale, and obtained sleep duration data from sleep diaries maintained by psychiatric nurses. The data were analyzed using repeated-measures generalized linear models with age, sex, dementia severity, and medication (antipsychotics) as covariates. A sleep duration of 7–8 h per night was associated with better ANS regulation than other sleep durations, as indicated by sympathovagal balance (p = 0.005). ANS dysregulation was characterized by a 20.7% increase in sympathetic nervous system activity and a 14.8% decrease in parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) activity. We found a significant correlation between dementia severity and PSNS activity (p = 0.04) and observed an inverted U-shaped association between sleep duration and ANS regulation. This pilot study demonstrated that a sleep duration of 7–8 h per night may be critical in maintaining optimal ANS regulation. Bidirectional associations between sleep duration, inadequate sleep duration, aging, and ANS regulation warrant further investigation.

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Pharmacology of Sleep

Cited by 2 publications

References 62 publications

Sleep-promoting activity of amylase-treated Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L. Dunal) root extract via GABA receptors

Sleep-promoting activity of amylase-treated Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L. Dunal) root extract via GABA receptors

Effect of Sleep Duration on Autonomic Nervous System Regulation in Patients with Plausible Alzheimer: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

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