Pharmacological study of Cymbopogon citratus leaves

Carbajal, Daisy; Casacó, Á.; Arruzazabala, Lourdes; González, Ricardo; Tolón, Z.

doi:10.1016/0378-8741(89)90049-4

Cited by 163 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The present study demonstrates that Cy extract, used in traditional medicine to treat inflammation and other health problems (Carbajal et al, 1989;Lorenzetti et al, 1991), has anti-inflammatory properties due to the selective inhibition of NO production through the pro-inflammatory signaling cascades p38 MAPK, JNK 1/2 and NF-κB, in murine macrophages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Its leaf essential oil citral is used in the food, perfumery, soap, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and insecticide industries (Negrelle and Gomes, 2007). Aqueous extracts of dried leaves are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammation, digestive disorders, diabetes, nervous disorders, and fever, as well as other health problems (Carbajal et al, 1989;Lorenzetti et al, 1991). However, the mechanism of action of Cy is poorly explored and characterized, namely the mechanism responsible for its anti-inflammatory effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cymbopogon citratus as source of new and safe anti-inflammatory drugs: Bio-guided assay using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages

Francisco

Figueirinha

Neves

et al. 2011

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Please cite this article as: Francisco, V., Figueirinha, A., Neves, B.M., García-Rodríguez, C., Lopes, M.C., Cruz, M.T., Batista, M.T., Cymbopogon citratus as source of new and safe anti-inflammatory drugs: bio-guided assay using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2010Ethnopharmacology ( ), doi:10.1016Ethnopharmacology ( /j.jep.2010 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Page 1 of 30A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 1 Graphical abstractIn this report it was demonstrated that a lipid-and essential oil-free infusion of Cymbopogon citratus leaves (Cy), as well its polyphenols, have anti-inflammatory properties through inhibition of proinflammatory signaling pathways and nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. These evidences support the use of Cymbopogon citratus in traditional medicine and indicate that it could be a natural source of new and safe anti-inflammatory drugs. TitleCymbopogon citratus as source of new and safe anti-inflammatory drugs: bio-guided assay using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to explore the anti-inflammatory properties of Cymbopogon citratus leaves and their polyphenol-rich fractions (PFs), as well its mechanism of action in murine macrophages. Materials and Methods:A lipid-and essential oil-free infusion of Cy leaves was prepared (Cy extract) and fractionated by column chromatography. Anti-inflammatory properties of Cy extract (1.115 mg/ml) and its PFs, namely phenolic acids (530 µg/ml), flavonoids (97.5 µg/ml) and tannins (78 µg/ml), were investigated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Raw 264.7 macrophages as in vitro model. As inflammatory parameters, nitric oxide (NO) production was evaluated by Griess reaction, as well as effects on cyclooxygenase (COX-2), inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression and on intracellular signaling pathways activation, which were analyzed by Western blot using specific antibodies. Page 3 of 30A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t Conclusions: Our data provide evidence that support the usage of Cymbopogon citratus leaves extract in traditional medicine, and suggest that Cy, in particular its polyphenolic compounds, could constitute a natural source of a new and safe anti-inflammatory drugs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cymbopogon citratus as source of new and safe anti-inflammatory drugs: Bio-guided assay using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages

Francisco

Figueirinha

Neves

et al. 2011

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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“…Several pharmacological effects were studies such as: analgesic, sedative/hypnotic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant (Viana et al, 2000;Blanco et al, 2009). Some studies have shown that the endovenous administration of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of leaves of C. citratus present anti-hypertensive effect in rats (Carbajal et al, 1989;Singi et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition and cardiovascular effects induced by the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus DC. Stapf, Poaceae, in rats

Moreira¹,

Bastos²,

Blank³

et al. 2010

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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RESUMO: "Composição química e efeitos cardiovasculares do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon citratus DC. Stapf, Poaceae, em ratos". C. citratus é utilizada na medicina popular para tratar hipertensão. Este trabalho investigou a composição química e os efeitos cardiovasculares do óleo essencial do C. citratus (OECC). Foram identificados oito constituintes no OECC, sendo geranial o majoritário (43,08%). Em ratos, o OECC (1, 5, 10 e 20 mg/kg, i.v.) induziu hipotensão e bradicardia que foram atenuadas pela atropina e tiopental sódico, mas não por L-NAME ou indometacina. Em anéis de artéria mesentérica de ratos pré-contraídos com fenilefrina, o OECC (1 a 3000 µg/mL) induziu relaxamento que não foi afetado após remoção do endotélio, após TEA ou em anéis pré-contraídos com KCl (80 mM). Além disso, o OECC (1000 µg/mL) não induziu efeito adicional sobre o relaxamento máximo da nifedipina (10 µM). Em conclusão, o OECC induz hipotensão possivelmente devido à redução da resistência vascular que pode ser causada por inibição do influxo de Ca 2+ , e bradicardia provavelmente devido à ativação de receptores muscarínicos cardíacos.Unitermos: Cymbopogon citratus, óleo essencial, efeitos cardiovasculares, ratos. ABSTRACT:Cymbopogon citratus DC. Stapf, Poaceae, is used in the folk medicine for hypertension treatment. This work investigated the chemical composition and cardiovascular effects in rats of C. citratus essential oil (EOCC). A phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of eight constituents, being geranial the major compound (43.08%). In rats, EOCC (1, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, i.v.) induced transient hypotension and bradycardia that were attenuated by atropine and sodium thiopental, but not by L-NAME or indomethacin. In rings of rat superior mesenteric artery pre-contracted with phenylephrine, EOCC (1 to 3000 µg/mL) induced relaxation that was not affected after removal of the endothelium, after TEA or in rings pre-contracted with KCl (80 mM). Furthermore, EOCC (1000 µg/mL) was not able to induce additional effect on maximal relaxation of nifedipine (10 µM). In conclusions, EOCC induces hypotension, possibly by reduction in vascular resistance caused by inhibition of the Ca 2+ influx, and bradycardia probably due to an activation of cardiac muscarinic receptors.

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“…Os extratos da planta têm sido usados atualmente para acelerar a cicatrização, particularmente em casos de pós-cirurgia crônica e ferimentos pós-trauma. Extratos têm sido administrados oralmente para tratar estresse estomacal induzido e úlceras duodenais (WHO 1999) Antiinflamatório (Carbajal et al 1989), antimicrobiano (Diaz & Jorge 2001 Internamente, para o tratamento sintomático da insuficiência venosa crônica, incluindo dores, sensibilidade fortemente nas pernas, espasmos musculares noturnos, coceiras e edema. Externamente, para o tratamento sintomático da insuficiência venosa crônica, distensões e contusões (WHO 1999) De acordo com Melo et al (2004) vem a contribuir para esse quadro atual, a comercialização de produtos à base de plantas medicinais com finalidade alimentícia, sendo assim dispensados de apresentarem informações técnico-científicas em bulas.…”

Section: Plantaunclassified

“…Possui hábito herbáceo, crescendo em touceiras de mais de 1m, sendo as folhas ricas em óleos essenciais, contendo principalmente citral (Lewinsohn et al 1998). Foi observado efeito antiinflamatório em ratos (Carbajal et al 1989), atividade antibacteriana frente a cepas isoladas de infecção urinária (Pereira et al 2004), atividade antimicrobiana (Díaz & Jorge 2001) e efeito antigenotóxico (Cápiro et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Qualidade de produtos a base de plantas medicinais comercializados no Brasil: castanha-da-índia (Aesculus hippocastanum L.), capim-limão (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf ) e centela (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban)

et al. 2007

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Palavras-chave: plantas medicinais, fitoterápicos, controle de qualidade, produtos naturais, botânica aplicadaABSTRACT -(Quality of products made from medicinal plants commercialized in Brazil: horsechestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf), and gotu kola (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban). Aiming to evaluate the quality of products made from medicinal plants, there were analyzed ten samples of horsechestnut, eleven samples of lemongrass, and six samples of gotu kola commercialized in pharmacies from the city of Recife (Pernambuco, Brazil), coming from industries of several parts of the country. We analyzed the technical-scientific information on the labels and/or directions according to the requirements and obligations of Brazilian law (laws "RDC 140 of 29/05/2003" and "RDC 102 of 30/11/2000") and to scientific literature embasement. The products' organoleptic characteristics, authenticity, and purity were also evaluated. The absence of obligatory information was verified in 92.59% of the samples. Among the blacked terms, it was common to find products that suggested inexistent collateral or adverse effects. Technical terms were not standardized and the manufacturers did not provide scientific proof for some of the activities credited to the products. All samples were considered authentic based on the phytochemical and pharmacobotanical tests. The purity analysis considered 59.26% of the samples inappropriate, mainly due to the high total levels of humidity and ashes. It was verified that besides the lack of adequate information and quality of the commercialized products, there is an urgent need for an effective inspection by the suitable agencies.

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Pharmacological study of Cymbopogon citratus leaves

Cited by 163 publications

References 2 publications

Cymbopogon citratus as source of new and safe anti-inflammatory drugs: Bio-guided assay using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages

Cymbopogon citratus as source of new and safe anti-inflammatory drugs: Bio-guided assay using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages

Chemical composition and cardiovascular effects induced by the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus DC. Stapf, Poaceae, in rats

Qualidade de produtos a base de plantas medicinais comercializados no Brasil: castanha-da-índia (Aesculus hippocastanum L.), capim-limão (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf ) e centela (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban)

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