Pharmacological Properties of a Traditional Korean Formula Bojungchiseup-tang on 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model

Abstract

The global obesity epidemic has nearly doubled since 1980, and this increasing prevalence is threatening public health. It has been reported that natural products could contain potential functional ingredients that may assist in preventing obesity. Bojungchiseub-tang (BJT), mentioned in the Donguibogam as an herbal medication for the treatment of edema, a symptom of obesity, consists of eleven medicinal herbs. However, the pharmacological activity of BJT has not been investigated. The present study was designed to investigate the putative effect of BJT on the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells and the weight gain of high-fat diet (HFD-) fed C57BL/6 mice. Oil Red O staining was conducted to examine the amount of lipids in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups: standard diet group (control, CON), 45% HFD group (HFD), and HFD supplemented with 10% of BJT (BJT). The expression levels of genes and proteins related to adipogenesis in cells, WAT, and liver were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot, respectively. We found that BJT treatment significantly decreased the protein and mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) in a dose-dependent manner in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. Similar to the results of the in vitro experiment, BJT suppressed HFD-induced weight gain in an obese mouse model. In addition, BJT effectively reduced the HFD-induced epididymal adipose tissue weight/body weight index. BJT also downregulated the mRNA levels of PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP1 in the epididymal adipose and liver tissue of HFD-fed obese mice. These findings suggest that BJT induces weight loss by affecting adipogenic transcription factors.

Synthesis of Ziziphus spina-christi (Jujube) Root Methanol Extract Loaded Functionalized Silver Nanoparticle (ZS-Ag-NPs); Physiochemical Characterization and Effect of ZS-Ag-NPs on Adipocyte Maturation, Adipokine and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Interaction

“…Adipogenesis and lipid accumulation are a complex, interrelated cascade, and it is initiated by the key adipocyte differentiation determinants, mainly, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 (PPARγ2) and CCAAT/enhancerbinding protein-α (C/EBP-α). After terminal differentiation, lipid accumulation was achieved by activating transcription of the gene encoding the fatty acid-binding protein aP2 and sterol-regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) [62]. Further, the activation of these adipogenic factors stimulates lipogenesis and adipogenesis via adiponectin, leptin, glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4), fatty acid synthase (fas), and adipocyte binding protein (aP2) gene expression [63].…”

Research Trends of Animal Experiment on the Herbal Medicine for Obesity: During the Recent 5 Years

“…중재기간은 짧게는 2주 13) 에서 길게는 16주 22) 까지였으 며, 동일한 중재에 대해 6, 8, 16주씩 기간을 다르게 설정 하여 비교한 논문이 1편 50) 있었다(Tables 1, 2). 26,30,32,39,60) , 3가지 범주의 평가방법을 사용한 논문이 20 11,12,14,18,[20][21][22][23]28,31,33,37,[43][44][45]51,52,54,58,59) 이었고, 4가지 범주의 평가방 법을 모두 사용한 논문이 24편 13,[15][16][17]19,24,25,27,29,35,36,38,[40][41][42][46][47][48][49][50]53,[55][56][57] 으로 가장 많았다. 13,15,…”

“…현미경적 분석은 35편 11,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]27,29,33,35,36,38,[40][41][42][46][47][48][49][50][51][53][54][55][56][57][58] 에서 이루 어졌고, 간조직, 지방조직, 골격근조직, 췌장조직 등을 대 상으로 하였다. 31편 11,13,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]27,29,33,35,36,38,…”

“…31편 11,13,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]27,29,33,35,36,38,[40][41][42][47][48][49][50][51][53][54][55][56]58) 에서 간조 직의 지방축적 정도, 28편 [13][14][15][16][17][19][20][21]24,25,27,29,33,35,36,38,[40][41][42]46,[48][49]…”

“…Inhibitory effects on obesity -Reduced weight gain -Reduced serum TC and LDL -Reduced inflammation and improved insulin resistance 2. Regulating the expression of lipid metabolites -Changed ceramides and TG -Increased adiponectin, and reduced leptin expression Park YJ 49) 1. Inhibitory effects on obesity -Reduced weight gain and adipose tissue weight 2.…”