Pharmacological Evaluation of Solanum Viarum Dunal Leaves Extract for Analgesic and Antipyretic Activities

Abstract

The family Solanaceae consists of many plants, one of them is Solanum viarum Dunal. This plant contains chemical constituents like Solasodine which is found in many plants of Solanaceae family. The Solasodine have many medicinal properties and used as cardiotonic, antifungal, antispermatogenic, antiandrogenic, immunomodulatory, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and as antipyretic. The study was carried out to ascertain analgesic and antipyretic activity of ethanolic extract of Solanum viarum Dunal leaves. The ethanolic extract of Solanum viarum Dunal leaves at 100 and 200mg/kg oral single dose treatment show a significant difference (p<0.0001) in reaction time in terms of analgesic activity before and after treatments comparable to standard drug Diclofenac (10mg/kg body weight) and also reduced the elevated body temperature induced by Brewer's yeast. The extract also shows significant (p<0.0001) decrease in elevated body temperature at 100 and 200mg/kg comparable to standard drug Paracetamol (150mg/kg body weight).

VALORIZATION OF Solanum viarum DUNAL BY EXTRACTING BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM ROOTS AND FRUITS USING ULTRASOUND AND SUPERCRITICAL CO2

“…In addition, as can be seen in Tables 3 and 4, other bioactive compounds were identified in S. viarum extracts (Table 5). The findings of chemical constituents corroborate that described by Kausar and Singh (2018) when studying the leaves of S. viarum, such as solasodine and quinic acid. Braguini et al (2018) reported toxicity of S. viarum fruits against Artemia salina.…”

“…The compound milbemycin is reported to be an antiparasitic (Hugar and Londonkar, 2017) and Martín et al (2017) attributed antiviral action to cytidine, which is a pyrimidine core compound that plays a vital role in biological activities such as antifungal. The compound solasodine is a highly toxic glycoalkaloid commonly found in the Solanaceae family, described by some authors (Al et al, 2016;Kausar and Singh, 2018;Patel et al, 2013;Yuan et al, 2017). Zeng et al (2009) reported quinic acid anti-inflammatory activity.…”

“…Solanum viarum Dunal belongs to the Solanaceae family and is a native plant in South America, known as "juá" or "joá-bravo" in Brazil (Braguini et al, 2018). It is described as a broad leaf herb, subshrub or shrub (Kausar and Singh, 2018). Furthermore, it is considered to be grazing weed and highly toxic plant because it can be lethal when ingested by cattle or other herds (Mentz et al, 1997;Milner et al, 2011).…”

“…Studies about the toxicity of S. viarum leaves are described (Braguini et al, 2018) and report interesting chemical constituents such as solasodine, caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, 5-caffeoyl, and 3-malonyl-5-caffeoyl- [4-(1-beta-[6-(5-caffeoyl) quinate] glucopyranosyl)] and quinic acid (Kausar and Singh, 2018). The fruits belonging to the Solanaceae family can accumulate high levels of alkaloids (Cipollini and Levey, 1997), which makes the study interesting since alkaloid compounds can be highly toxic to vertebrates (Braguini et al, 2018).…”

Extracts of Senecio brasiliensis and Solanum viarum as Potential Antifungal and Bioherbicidal Agents

“…Nonetheless, the synergistic or antagonistic interaction of the compounds identified by Confortin et al [8,9] should also be relevant due to their interesting bioactivities. In this respect, soalsodine was described with high toxicity [61,62]; quinic acid was reported to have anti-inflammatory potential [49,63]; celidoniol, has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and pesticidal action [64][65][66][67]; and integerrimine and senecionine are considered pyrrolizidine alkaloids [68]. However, the mode of action of allelochemicals, including the alkaloid compounds highlighted in this study, remains poorly comprehended.…”