Pharmacological effects of lipid-lowering drugs on circulating adipokines

Abstract

The cardioprotective effects of lipid-lowering drugs have been primarily attributed to their effects on blood lipid metabolism. However, emerging evidence indicates that lipid-lowering drugs also modulate the synthesis and secretion of adipose tissue-secreted proteins referred to as adipokines. Adipokines influence energy homeostasis and metabolism and have also been shown to modulate the vascular inflammatory cascade. The purpose of this review will be to examine the reported effects of commonly used lipid-lowering drugs (statins, fibrates, niacin and omega-3-fatty acids) on the circulating concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosisfactor-α (TNF-α), Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) and resistin. Overall, the lipid-lowering drugs reviewed have minimal effects on leptin and resistin concentrations. Conversely, circulating adiponectin concentrations are consistently increased by each lipid-lowering drug reviewed with the greatest effects produced by niacin. Studies that have examined the effects of statins, niacin and omega-3-fatty acids on TNF-α demonstrate that these agents have little effect on circulating TNF-α concentrations. Niacin and fibrates appear to lower RBP4 but not resistin concentrations. The results of the available studies suggest that a strong relationship exists between pharmacological reductions in blood lipids and adiponectin that is not obvious for other adipokines reviewed.

Amelioration of Insulin, Leptin and Adiponectin Levels in Experimental Metabolic Syndrome Model by Some Drugs

“…In an animal model of T2DM, atorvastatin exerts significant lipid and glucose lowering effects and decreased plasma insulin levels and insulin resistance index. Although the primary goal of atorvastatin is to improve blood lipid and lipoprotein characteristics, beneficial effects on energy metabolism and cardiovascular function such as improved endothelial function, reduced oxidative stress, decreased platelet adhesion and increased atherosclerotic plaque stability may help to explain at least part of the cardioprotective benefits of these agents [30] . The results of the present work were also supported by Harp [31] who reported that the use of the pancreatic lipase inhibitor orlistat helps to lose weight due to decrease the absorption of dietary lipids.…”

Диабетическая Кардиальная Автономная Нейропатия: Каковы Перспективы В Лечении?

“…Для фармакотерапии ДЛП применяются статины, фи-браты, секвестранты желчных кислот, никотиновая кисло-та и ее производные, препараты длинноцепочечных -3 и -6 ПНЖК или, в качестве альтернативы, их комбинация с ингибиторами абсорбции холестерина [28].…”

Beneficial Effects of n-3 Fatty Acids on Cardiometabolic and Inflammatory Markers in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Clinical Trial

“…The majority of the available studies were mostly carried out on experimental animals and provided inconsistent findings [12]. Therefore, the aim of this trial was to determine the effect of n-3 PUFAs on plasma resistin, MCP-1, and the adiponectin-resistin index.…”