Pharmacological approaches to the treatment of tinnitus

Elgoyhen, Ana Belén; Langguth, Berthold

doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2009.11.003

Cited by 66 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…However since the time when the presented trial was planned increasing consensus emerged that, for comprehensive assessment of treatment outcome, tinnitus questionnaires should be complemented by additional instruments such as visual analogue scales or instruments for the assessment of depression, anxiety, quality of life or clinical global impression (Langguth et al 2007a;Elgoyhen and Langguth 2010;Landgrebe et al 2010). In summary, our study demonstrates that active rTMS can alleviate tinnitus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Efficacy of different protocols of transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of tinnitus: Pooled analysis of two randomized controlled studies

Langguth

Landgrebe

Frank

et al. 2012

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry

106

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Efficacy of different protocols of transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of tinnitus: Pooled analysis of two randomized controlled studies

Langguth

Landgrebe

Frank

et al. 2012

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry

106

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“…Although a wide variety of compounds is used off-label to treat tinnitus patients, there is still no US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved drug on the market. The list of used compounds includes anticonvulsants, anxiolytic, antidepressants, NMDA antagonists, cholinergic antagonists, antihistamines, vasodilators, antipsychotics, and calcium antagonists, to name a few (Langguth et al, 2009; Elgoyhen and Langguth, 2010). In some cases, the rationale behind the use of them is to treat the co-morbidities that come along with tinnitus, like depression and anxiety (Johnson et al, 1993; Sullivan et al, 1993; Bahmad et al, 2006).…”

Section: Tinnitus Pharmacotherapy: Where Do We Stand?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tinnitus: network pathophysiology-network pharmacology

Elgoyhen¹,

Langguth²,

Vanneste³

et al. 2012

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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Tinnitus, the phantom perception of sound, is a prevalent disorder. One in 10 adults has clinically significant subjective tinnitus, and for one in 100, tinnitus severely affects their quality of life. Despite the significant unmet clinical need for a safe and effective drug targeting tinnitus relief, there is currently not a single Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug on the market. The search for drugs that target tinnitus is hampered by the lack of a deep knowledge of the underlying neural substrates of this pathology. Recent studies are increasingly demonstrating that, as described for other central nervous system (CNS) disorders, tinnitus is a pathology of brain networks. The application of graph theoretical analysis to brain networks has recently provided new information concerning their topology, their robustness and their vulnerability to attacks. Moreover, the philosophy behind drug design and pharmacotherapy in CNS pathologies is changing from that of “magic bullets” that target individual chemoreceptors or “disease-causing genes” into that of “magic shotguns,” “promiscuous” or “dirty drugs” that target “disease-causing networks,” also known as network pharmacology. In the present work we provide some insight into how this knowledge could be applied to tinnitus pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy.

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“…This could explain why commonly available analgesics that suppress acute physiological body pain are inefficient in ameliorating tinnitus [18]. Also, medications such as antiepileptics and antidepressants, which are effective in the treatment of neuropathic pain [18], tend to be ineffective for tinnitus [19]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Enigma of the Tinnitus-Free Dream State in a Bayesian World

2014

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There are pathophysiological, clinical, and treatment analogies between phantom limb pain and phantom sound (i.e., tinnitus). Phantom limb pain commonly is absent in dreams, and the question arises whether this is also the case for tinnitus. A questionnaire was given to 78 consecutive tinnitus patients seen at a specialized tinnitus clinic. Seventy-six patients remembered their dreams and of these 74 claim not to perceive tinnitus during their dreams (97%). This can be most easily explained by a predictive Bayesian brain model. That is, during the awake state the brain constantly makes predictions about the environment. Tinnitus is hypothesized to be the result of a prediction error due to deafferentation, and missing input is filled in by the brain. The heuristic explanation then is that in the dream state there is no interaction with the environment and therefore no updating of the prediction error, resulting in the absence of tinnitus.

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Pharmacological approaches to the treatment of tinnitus

Cited by 66 publications

References 65 publications

Efficacy of different protocols of transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of tinnitus: Pooled analysis of two randomized controlled studies

Efficacy of different protocols of transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of tinnitus: Pooled analysis of two randomized controlled studies

Tinnitus: network pathophysiology-network pharmacology

The Enigma of the Tinnitus-Free Dream State in a Bayesian World

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