Pharmacological alterations of peritoneal transport rates and pharmacokinetics in peritoneal dialysis

Lameire, Norbert; Biesen, Wim Van; Hirszel, Przemyslaw; Bogaert, Marc G.

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-3225-3_7

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 347 publications

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“…This functional hyperemia is mediated by certain gastrointestinal hormones such as gastrin and cholecystokinin. Adenosine is a potent vasodilatator of the mesenteric vascular bed and might be the principal regulator of this autoregulation [48].…”

Section: Influence Of Physiological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vasocontrictor response that occurs with appropriate stimuli can be prevented by blocking the α-adrenergic receptors of the mesenteric vascular bed with phenoxybenzamine. These vessels also contain dopaminergic receptors [48].…”

Section: Vasoconstrictive Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peritoneal clearance also increased in rabbits after intraperitoneal administration of dopamine [62]. The augmented transport is attributed to dopaminereceptor mediated mesenteric vasodilatation and, in part, by general α-adrenergic vasoconstriction increasing blood pressure, while mesenteric blood flow is maintained (reviewed in [48]). …”

Section: Catecholaminesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional vascular anatomy of the peritoneum in health and disease

Solaß

Horvath

Struller

et al. 2019

Pleura and Peritoneum

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Abstract:The peritoneum consists of a layer of mesothelial cells on a connective tissue base which is perfused with circulatory and lymphatic vessels. Total effective blood flow to the human peritoneum is estimated between 60 and 100 mL/min, representing 1-2 % of the cardiac outflow. The parietal peritoneum accounts for about 30 % of the peritoneal surface (anterior abdominal wall 4 %) and is vascularized from the circumflex, iliac, lumbar, intercostal, and epigastric arteries, giving rise to a quadrangular network of large, parallel blood vessels and their perpendicular offshoots. Parietal vessels drain into the inferior vena cava. The visceral peritoneum accounts for 70 % of the peritoneal surface and derives its blood supply from the three major arteries that supply the splanchnic organs, celiac and superior and inferior mesenteric. These vessels give rise to smaller arteries that anastomose extensively. The visceral peritoneum drains into the portal vein. Drugs absorbed are subject to firstpass hepatic metabolism. Peritoneal inflammation and cancer invasion induce neoangiogenesis, leading to the development of an important microvascular network. Anatomy of neovessels is abnormal and characterized by large size, varying diameter, convolution and blood extravasation. Neovessels have a defective ultrastructure: formation of large "mother vessels" requires degradation of venular and capillary basement membranes. Mother vessels give birth to numerous "daughter vessels". Diffuse neoangiogenesis can be observed before appearance of macroscopic peritoneal metastasis. Multiplication of the peritoneal capillary surface by neoangiogenesis surface increases the part of cardiac outflow directed to the peritoneum.

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Section: Influence Of Physiological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vasoconstrictive Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Catecholaminesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional vascular anatomy of the peritoneum in health and disease

Solaß

Horvath

Struller

et al. 2019

Pleura and Peritoneum

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“…21,22 Furthermore, cefepime has a relatively low volume of distribution (Vd) and low protein binding. 23 This could contribute to higher peritoneal drug clearance in APD patients with a greater number of exchanges and those with higher residual renal function. More studies are required to investigate if serum drug concentrations of IP cefepime 1 g will remain above MIC until the next dose, especially for organisms that require a higher MIC, for example, Moraxella catarrhalis with a MIC of 4 mg/L.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of culture-directed antibiotics for the treatment of peritonitis in automated peritoneal dialysis: A systematic narrative review

et al. 2021

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The objectives of this study were to provide a summary of the pharmacokinetic data of some intraperitoneal (IP) antibiotics that could be used for both empirical and culture-directed therapy, as per the ISPD recommendations, and examine factors to consider when using IP antibiotics for the management of automated peritoneal dialysis (APD)-associated peritonitis. A literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, MEDLINE and Google Scholar for articles published between 1998 and 2020 was conducted. To be eligible, articles had to describe the use of antibiotics via the IP route in adult patients ≥18 years old on APD in the context of pharmacokinetic studies or case reports/series. Articles describing the use of IP antibiotics that had been recently reviewed (cefazolin, vancomycin, gentamicin and ceftazidime) or administered for non-APD-associated peritonitis were excluded. A total of 1119 articles were identified, of which 983 abstracts were screened. Seventy-three full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. Eight records were included in the final study. Three reports had pharmacokinetic data in patients on APD without peritonitis. Each of cefepime 15 mg/kg IP, meropenem 0.5 g IP and fosfomycin 4 g IP given in single doses achieved drug plasma concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration for treating the susceptible organisms. The remaining five records were case series or reports in patients on APD with peritonitis. While pharmacokinetic data support intermittent cefepime 15 mg/kg IP daily, only meropenem 0.5 g IP and fosfomycin 4 g IP are likely to be effective if given in APD exchanges with dwell times of 15 h. Higher doses may be required in APD with shorter dwell times. Information on therapeutic efficacy was derived from case reports/series in individual patients and without therapeutic drug monitoring. Until more pharmacokinetic data are available on these antibiotics, it would be prudent to shift patients who develop peritonitis on APD to continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, where pharmacokinetic information is more readily available.

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An Insight into Vital Genes Responsible for β-cell Formation

Narayan

Agrawal

et al. 2023

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Pharmacological alterations of peritoneal transport rates and pharmacokinetics in peritoneal dialysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 347 publications

Functional vascular anatomy of the peritoneum in health and disease

Functional vascular anatomy of the peritoneum in health and disease

Pharmacokinetics of culture-directed antibiotics for the treatment of peritonitis in automated peritoneal dialysis: A systematic narrative review

An Insight into Vital Genes Responsible for β-cell Formation

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