Pharmacological Activities of Extracts and Compounds Isolated from Mediterranean Sponge Sources

Mannelli, Lorenzo Di Cesare; Esposito, Fortunato Palma; Sangiovanni, Enrico; Pagano, Ester; Mannucci, Carmen; Polini, Beatrice; Ghelardini, Carla; Dell’Agli, Mario; Izzo, Angelo A.; Calapai, Gioacchino; Pascale, Donatella de; Nieri, Paola

doi:10.3390/ph14121329

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(125 reference statements)

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“…Being sessile filter feeders, Porifera constitute an essential component of marine ecosystems through their role in competitive interactions, bioerosion, benthic-pelagic coupling, carbon flux, and seawater filtration [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Recently, they have been identified as a precious source of bioactive compounds, as well as an effective model for biotechnological studies and biomonitoring tools for a wide range of pollutants (e.g., trace elements and persistent organic pollutants, among others), e.g., [7,8]. Despite their crucial functional role in marine ecosystems, little is known about the life traits of sponges (e.g., life span, growth rates, and reproductive cycles, among others) [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure from Motion Photogrammetry as an Effective Nondestructive Technique to Monitor Morphological Plasticity in Benthic Organisms: The Case Study of Sarcotragus foetidus Schmidt, 1862 (Porifera, Demospongiae) in the Portofino MPA

Pulido Mantas,

Roveta,

Calcinai

et al. 2024

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Porifera are essential components of marine ecosystems, providing valuable ecological functions. Traditional approaches to estimating sponge growth and biomass are destructive and often not suitable for certain morphologies. The implementation of new innovative techniques and nondestructive methodologies have allowed for a more sustainable approach. In this study, a population of Sarcotragus foetidus Schmidt, 1982 (Demospongiae, Dictyoceratida, Irciinidae), thriving inside the Portofino Marine Protected Area, was monitored using Structure from Motion photogrammetry over a period of 6 years, from September 2017 to October 2023. Of the 20 initial individuals, only 12 were still in place during the last monitoring, indicating 40% mortality. Through photogrammetry, the overall volume change and biomass production were estimated to be 9.24 ± 5.47% year−1 and 29.52 ± 27.93 g DW year−1, respectively, indicating a general decreasing trend between 2021 and 2023. Signs of necrosis were observed in some individuals, potentially related to the high temperature occurring during summer 2022 and 2023. Considering the current climate crisis, long-term monitoring efforts must be made to better understand the dynamics of this species, and photogrammetry has the potential to be a versatile monitoring tool that will contribute to the standardization of methodologies for sponge growth studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure from Motion Photogrammetry as an Effective Nondestructive Technique to Monitor Morphological Plasticity in Benthic Organisms: The Case Study of Sarcotragus foetidus Schmidt, 1862 (Porifera, Demospongiae) in the Portofino MPA

Pulido Mantas,

Roveta,

Calcinai

et al. 2024

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“…A considerable number of these compounds play a pivotal role in marine-based pharmacology, which involves the use of marine sponge-sourced compounds as leads in drug development. 1 This results in an inspiring and potentially productive relationship between marine biology and drug biotechnology. Marine sponge extracts are a rich source of compounds with antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antimalarial, antitumour, immunosuppressive and cardiovascular activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the Allium cepa Model to Assess the Cytogenotoxicity of Luffariella herdmani Marine Sponge Extract

2023

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Marine sponge extracts are known to contain potentially toxic compounds that have biological activities of possible pharmacological interest. Thus, it is vital that biological models are used for the preliminary toxicity screening of such extracts. The present study reports the use of Allium cepa, a low-cost plant-based in vivo model, to assess the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Luffariella herdmani marine sponge crude extract (SCE). Pre-germinated onion bulbs, exposed for 96 hours to different concentrations of SCE (ranging from 0.3125 to 20 μg/ml), were used to determine general cytotoxicity. Root length as well as morphological abnormalities were recorded. Genotoxicity was assessed by exposing the root tips to SCE (0.3125–20 μg/ml) and the appropriate controls for 48 hours, and then staining with acetocarmine. The Mitotic Index (MI), Mitotic Phase Indices (MPIs) and chromosomal aberrations were evaluated and recorded. SCE inhibited A. cepa root growth (EC50 = 10.34 μg/ml) and elicited a mitodepressive effect (LC50 = 1.95 μg/ml) in a dose-dependent and significant manner. In addition, macroscopic alterations as well as chromosomal aberrations were detected. Overall, our findings indicate that L. herdmani crude extract exhibits cytotoxic and genotoxic activity, suggesting that it might contain substances with anti-proliferative/anticancer potential that could be subject to further characterisation.

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“…Currently, marine-derived compounds are assuming an increasing role in the search for novel anticancer drug candidates [3,4]. Among all marine organisms, sponges with algae represent the richest source of compounds showing anticancer activity [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among all marine organisms, sponges with algae represent the richest source of compounds showing anticancer activity [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pro-Apoptotic Activity of the Marine Sponge Dactylospongia elegans Metabolites Pelorol and 5-epi-Ilimaquinone on Human 501Mel Melanoma Cells

et al. 2022

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The natural environment represents an important source of drugs that originates from the terrestrial and, in minority, marine organisms. Indeed, the marine environment represents a largely untapped source in the process of drug discovery. Among all marine organisms, sponges with algae represent the richest source of compounds showing anticancer activity. In this study, the two secondary metabolites pelorol (PEL) and 5-epi-ilimaquinone (EPI), purified from Dactylospongia elegans were investigated for their anti-melanoma activity. PEL and EPI induced cell growth repression of 501Mel melanoma cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. A cell cycle block in the G1 phase by PEL and EPI was also observed. Furthermore, PEL and EPI induced significant accumulation of DNA histone fragments in the cytoplasmic fraction, indicating a pro-apoptotic effect of both compounds. At the molecular level, PEL and EPI induced apoptosis through the increase in pro-apoptotic BAX expression, confirmed by the decrease in its silencing miR-214-3p and the decrease in the anti-apoptotic BCL-2, MCL1, and BIRC-5 mRNA expression, attested by the increase in their silencing miRNAs, i.e., miR-193a-3p and miR-16-5p. In conclusion, our data indicate that PEL and EPI exert cytotoxicity activity against 501Mel melanoma cells promoting apoptotic signaling and inducing changes in miRNA expression and their downstream effectors. For these reasons could represent promising lead compounds in the anti-melanoma drug research.

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Pharmacological Activities of Extracts and Compounds Isolated from Mediterranean Sponge Sources

Cited by 6 publications

References 103 publications

Structure from Motion Photogrammetry as an Effective Nondestructive Technique to Monitor Morphological Plasticity in Benthic Organisms: The Case Study of Sarcotragus foetidus Schmidt, 1862 (Porifera, Demospongiae) in the Portofino MPA

Structure from Motion Photogrammetry as an Effective Nondestructive Technique to Monitor Morphological Plasticity in Benthic Organisms: The Case Study of Sarcotragus foetidus Schmidt, 1862 (Porifera, Demospongiae) in the Portofino MPA

Use of the Allium cepa Model to Assess the Cytogenotoxicity of Luffariella herdmani Marine Sponge Extract

Pro-Apoptotic Activity of the Marine Sponge Dactylospongia elegans Metabolites Pelorol and 5-epi-Ilimaquinone on Human 501Mel Melanoma Cells

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