Pharmacologic conversion of atrial fibrillation: A systematic review of available evidence

Slavik, Richard S; Tisdale, James E.; Borzak, Steven

doi:10.1053/pcad.2001.26966

Cited by 54 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…The age profile obtained of patients with cardiovascular disease (i.e. patients with cardiovascular disease) were older than those without it, and patients with hypertension alone were younger than those with heart disease, is consistent with the known pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease (Nichols and O'Rourke, 1998;Slavik et al, 2001) Furthermore, as anticipated from previous reports about hospital patients (Wise and Graham-Clarke, 1994;Boyle and Dobson, 1995), a high incidence of cardiovascular disease was observed, and the most common types of cardiovascular abnormalities reported, including atrial fibrillation in the absence of overt heart disease, are also those commonly observed in the general community. The high incidence of focal, dependent lobe pathology among chest physiotherapy recipients (with and without cardiovascular disease) is not surprising.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Cardiovascular profile of adult recipients of chest physiotherapy

Naylor

Chow

Heard

2004

Physiotherapy Res Intl

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Cardiovascular profile of adult recipients of chest physiotherapy

Naylor

Chow

Heard

2004

Physiotherapy Res Intl

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“…In addition, a primary metabolite of procainamide, N-acetylprocainamide (NAPA), inhibits I Kr current and contributes to the overall antiarrhythmic activity of procainamide. Procainamide is effective for conversion of nonoperative AF to sinus rhythm [79]. The efficacy of procainamide for conversion to sinus rhythm of AF following noncardiac thoracic surgery has not been investigated.…”

Section: Recommendations and Reasoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

2014 AATS guidelines for the prevention and management of perioperative atrial fibrillation and flutter for thoracic surgical procedures

Frendl

Sodickson

Chung

et al. 2014

The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

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258

253

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“…Intravenous procainamide remains one of the most effective drugs for acute termination of recent-onset AF (18). The effects of procainamide on the FDs in PVs have been studied in single myocardial cells (3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PROCAINAMIDE has been used intravenously for the chemical conversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) (18). Although its effects on atrial activation have been extensively studied, the effects of procainamide on thoracic veins activation are poorly understood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of procainamide on electrical activity in thoracic veins and atria in canine model of sustained atrial fibrillation

Chou¹,

Zhou²,

Miyauchi³

et al. 2004

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Focal discharges (FDs) are present in thoracic veins during atrial fibrillation (AF). We hypothesize that procainamide exerts its anti-AF action by suppressing FDs in the thoracic veins. We studied six mongrel dogs (22-27 kg) with sustained (>6 h) AF induced by 47 +/- 20 days of chronic rapid LA appendage (LAA) or pulmonary vein (PV) pacing. Procainamide was infused intravenously until AF was terminated or a cumulative dose of 20 mg/kg was reached. High-resolution mapping during AF showed FDs in the vein of Marshall, PVs, and the LAA. Procainamide significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the frequency of these FDs and suppressed the interactions of wave fronts between PVs and LA. The cumulative dose of PA needed to terminate AF correlated negatively (r =-0.9, P < 0.05) with the baseline effective refractory period (ERP) of PV and positively (r = 0.8, P < 0.05) with the baseline maximum dominant frequency (DF) of AF. In four of five dogs, AF converted to atrial tachycardia originating from the PVs before termination. Attempts to reinduce sustained AF were unsuccessful in these five dogs. AF was resistant to procainamide in the sixth dog. In conclusion, procainamide reduced the rate of FDs in the thoracic veins and the LA and suppressed the interaction between PVs and LA. Second, FDs in the PV are more resistant to procainamide's action than FDs in the atria. Third, inherent PV ERP is important in determining the antifibrillatory efficacy of procainamide.

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Pharmacologic conversion of atrial fibrillation: A systematic review of available evidence

Cited by 54 publications

References 120 publications

Cardiovascular profile of adult recipients of chest physiotherapy

Cardiovascular profile of adult recipients of chest physiotherapy

2014 AATS guidelines for the prevention and management of perioperative atrial fibrillation and flutter for thoracic surgical procedures

Effects of procainamide on electrical activity in thoracic veins and atria in canine model of sustained atrial fibrillation

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