Pharmacokinetics of erythromycin after the administration of intravenous and various oral dosage forms to dogs

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the pharmacokinetic properties of different formulations of erythromycin in dogs. Erythromycin was administered as lactobionate (10 mg/kg, IV), estolate tablets (25 mg/kg p.o.) and ethylsuccinate tablets or suspension (20 mg/kg p.o.). After intravenous (i.v.) administration, the principal pharmacokinetic parameters were (mean +/- SD): AUC((0-infinity)) 4.20 +/- 1.66 microg x h/mL; C(max) 6.64 +/- 1.38 microg/mL; V(z) 4.80 +/- 0.91 L/kg; Cl(t) 2.64 +/- 0.84 L/h.kg; t((1/2)lambda) 1.35 +/- 0.40 h and MRT 1.50 +/- 0.47 h. After the administration of estolate tablets and ethylsuccinate suspension, the principal pharmacokinetic parameters were (mean +/- SD): C(max), 0.30 +/- 0.17 and 0.17 +/- 0.09 microg/mL; t(max), 1.75 +/- 0.76 and 0.69 +/- 0.30 h; t((1/2)lambda), 2.92 +/- 0.79 and 1.53 +/- 1.28 h and MRT, 5.10 +/- 1.12 and 2.56 +/- 1.77 h, respectively. The administration of erythromycin ethylsuccinate tablets did not produce measurable serum concentrations. Only the i.v. administration rendered serum concentrations above MIC(90) = 0.5 microg/mL for 2 h. However, these results should be cautiously interpreted as tissue erythromycin concentrations have not been measured in this study and, it is recognized that they can reach much higher concentrations than in blood, correlating better with clinical efficacy.

Simultaneous determination of multicomponent of acetylkitasamycin and kitasamycin by LC–MS/MS in swine plasma and its application in a pharmacokinetic study

“…Low p.o. absorption of erythromycin has been well described in the pharmacokinetic studies performed in humans (Croteau, Bergeron, & LeBel, ), horses (Ewing, Burrows, MacAllister, & Clarke, ), dogs (Albarellos et al, ) and cats (Albarellos, Montoya, & Landoni, ). The mean residence times following p.o.…”

Antibacterial Activity of the Plant-Derived Compounds 23-Methyl-6-O-desmethylauricepyrone and (Z,Z)-5-(Trideca-4,7-dienyl)resorcinol and Their Synergy with Antibiotics against Methicillin-Susceptible and -Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

“…1 With the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, the antibiotic of choice has had to be replaced or its dose increased leading to a parallel increase in its side effects. 2,3 This global increase in bacterial resistance involves, among other bacteria, different Staphylococcus aureus strains. This bacterium causes a wide range of infectious diseases in humans and animals, from relatively mild skin infections to life-threatening conditions.…”

“…As science has advanced toward the development of new therapeutic agents, the number of bacterial strains resistant to the last line of antibiotic defense has increased . With the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, the antibiotic of choice has had to be replaced or its dose increased leading to a parallel increase in its side effects. , …”