Pharmacokinetics of diclofenac in sheep following intravenous and intramuscular administration

Al‐Taher, Abdulla; Alkharfy, Khalid M.; Al-Hadiya, Badraddin M.H.; Khan, Rao Muzaffar A.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-2995.2005.00256.x

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Various methods for quantifying DCF in biological samples have been reported (Davies & Anderson, ), such as HPLC–UV (Altaher, Alkharfy, Al‐Hadiya, & Khan, ; Lu, Jiang, Zeng, & Liu, ; Sasaki, Miyanaga, Iwasa, & Shimoda, ; Yang et al, ), GC–MS and LC–MS (Alam, Al‐Jenoobi, & Al‐Mohizea, ; Gu et al, ; Li et al, ) with external or internal standard methods for DCF in plasma and tissue. Common internal standards for quantifying DCF include indometacin (Gu et al, ; Lu et al, ; Yang et al, ), flufenamic acid (Alam et al, ; Altaher et al, ) and phenytoinum natricum (Li et al, ). Indometacin was also employed as IS in our pre‐research.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…administration at 1.0 mg kg −1 in five buffalo calves. The values for t 1/2 β in sheep were 2.84 ± 1.94 h (Altaher et al, ) and 1.03 ± 0.18 h (Rahal, Kumar, Ahmad, & Malik, ) after a single‐dose i.v. administration at the dose of 1 mg kg −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…administration at 2.2 mg kg −1 . Maybe owing to species variation, the present result is similar to the t 1/2β for lactating cows of 5.9 h (EMEA, n.d.) and that of buffalo calves of 4.06 h (Kumar et al, 2003), but different from those for sheep (Altaher et al, 2006;Rahal et al, 2008) and pigs (Yang et al, 2016).…”

Section: Pharmacokinetic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The samples for which the responses exceeded the upper limit of calibration curve were diluted appropriately with blank plasma, then spiked IS, and prepared with the proposed procedure. (Gu et al, 2014;Lu et al, 2001;Yang et al, 2016), flufenamic acid (Alam et al, 2015;Altaher et al, 2006) and phenytoinum natricum (Li et al, 2011). Indometacin was also employed as IS in our pre-research.…”

Section: Sample Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An LC–MS/MS method for the quantification of diclofenac sodium in dairy cow plasma and its application in pharmacokinetics studies

Yang

Liu

Kong

et al. 2019

Biomedical Chromatography

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An LC–MS/MS method with internal standard tolfenamic acid for determining diclofenac sodium (DCF) in dairy cow plasma was developed and validated. Samples were processed with protein precipitation by cold formic acid–acetonitrile. Determination of DCF was performed using LC–ESI+–MS/MS with the matrix‐matched calibration curve. The results showed that the method was sensitive (LOD 2 ng mL−1, LOQ 5 ng mL−1), accurate (97.60 ± 5.64%), precise (<10%) and linear in the range of 5–10,000 ng mL−1. A single intravenous (i.v.) or intramuscular (i.m.) administration of 5% diclofenac sodium injection at a dose of 2.2 mg kg−1 was performed in six healthy dairy cows according to a two‐period crossover design. The main pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters after a single i.v. administration were as follows: t1/2β, 4.52 ± 1.71 h; AUC, 77.79 ± 16.76 h μg mL−1; mean residence time, 5.16 ± 1.11 h. The main PK parameters after a single i.m. administration were as follows: Tmax, 2.38 ± 1.19 h; Cmax, 7.46 ± 1.85 μg mL−1; t1/2β, 9.46 ± 2.86 h; AUC 67.57 ± 13.07 h μg mL−1. The absolute bioavailability was 87.37 ± 5.96%. The results showed that the diclofenac sodium injection had PK characteristics of rapid absorption and slow elimination, and high peak concentration and bioavailability in dairy cows, and that the recommended clinical dosage of diclofenac sodium injection is 2.2 mg kg−1.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pharmacokinetic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Sample Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An LC–MS/MS method for the quantification of diclofenac sodium in dairy cow plasma and its application in pharmacokinetics studies

Yang

Liu

Kong

et al. 2019

Biomedical Chromatography

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show abstract

“…The supernatant was transferred to another test tube to which 1 ml of 1 N hydrochloric acid was added. The drug was extracted using diethyl ether [20] (5 ml × 2) and the organic layer containing the drug was separated and evaporated to dryness. The residue was reconstituted in 5 ml of methanol and analyzed using Jasco V-530 UV Spectrophotometer.…”

Section: Pharmacokinetic Evaluation (In Vivo Drug Release Study) Prepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation optimization and evaluation of aceclofenac sustained release dosage form based on Kollidon sustained release

Panikkarakayil¹,

Nampoothiri²,

Gladis³

et al. 2013

Asian J Pharm

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S ustained release aceclofenac matrix tablets constituting Kollidon sustained release (KSR) (polyvinyl acetate and povidone-based matrix retarding polymer) were developed in this study in an attempt to design a dosage form that manifests desirable release profile and thorough adherence to official monographs. Nine matrix tablet formulations were prepared by dry blending and direct compression method by varying the proportion of KSR and compression load with fixed percentage of aceclofenac. Among this, by comparing response variables of the prepared formulations with that of the marketed product, two formulations (KSR5 and KSR7) were chosen as the optimized formulations. The formulation showed close resemblance to commercial products and compliance with United States Pharmacopoeia USP specification. The exponential model was applied to characterize the drug release behavior from polymeric systems. It was found that non-Fickian release is predominant in tablets containing KSR with a trend toward zero-order kinetics. The study also involves in vivo evaluation of the optimized formulations to find out relevant pharmacokinetic parameters. Correlation of in vitro drug release with that of amount of drug absorbed in vivo has also been performed.

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Pain management for farm animals

Lin

2014

Farm Animal Anesthesia

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Pharmacokinetics of diclofenac in sheep following intravenous and intramuscular administration

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

An LC–MS/MS method for the quantification of diclofenac sodium in dairy cow plasma and its application in pharmacokinetics studies

An LC–MS/MS method for the quantification of diclofenac sodium in dairy cow plasma and its application in pharmacokinetics studies

Formulation optimization and evaluation of aceclofenac sustained release dosage form based on Kollidon sustained release

Pain management for farm animals

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