Pharmacokinetic Properties of the Cephalosporins

Bergan, Tom

doi:10.2165/00003495-198700342-00008

Cited by 117 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The serum concentration-time curves of our patient Groups A and B resembled the one obtained in healthy younger individuals (Quintiliani 1982, Bergan 1987, and the rate of absorption was not affected by the traumatic condition of our patients. However, the degree of absorption was apparently affected, whereas with adequate serum cefadroxil concentrations, this was of no clinical or statistical significance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Despite interindividual variability in cefadroxil absorption, our patients achieved serum concentration levels equivalent to, or several times greater than, the MICs for common pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, and group A streptococci (Quintiliani 1982, Bergan 1987, Hamilton-Miller 1987, McEniry 1987. Commonly occumng Staphylococcus aureus and S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…However, studies (Quintiliani 1982, Bergan 1987, Hamilton-Miller 1987 have shown that later, 1 hour or 2 hours after the oral dose, the pharmacokinetics are similar for both routes, i.e., the concentration of antibiotic is high enough to prevent infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Oral cefadroxil prophylaxis in hip fracture surgery

Nungu

Bengtsson

Olerud

et al. 1992

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Oral cefadroxil prophylaxis in hip fracture surgery

Nungu

Bengtsson

Olerud

et al. 1992

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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“…Following administration of cephalothin by intravenous route Bergan (1987) and Kafetzis et al (1981) found C max in milk at 1 and 2 hours, respectively. In our work C max is achived between the first and the second hour postadministration of the drug.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations between milk production and kinetic variables in milk of cephalothin administered to lactating goats

Rule¹,

Cordiviola²,

Vita³

et al. 2004

Vet. Med.

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ABSTRACT:The aim of the present study was to correlate the milk production and the kinetic variables in milk of cephalothin administered to goats. Twenty healthy creole goats in milk production were used. Cephalothin was administered by intravenous route (20 mg/kg b.w.). Milk samples were collected at 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 8.0 and 12.0 hours postadministration of the antibiotic. Cephalothin concentrations were measured in milk samples by high performance liquid chromatography. The values (mean ± standard error) of milk production collected during 24 hours previous to the administration of the antibiotic were 761.5 ± 111.1 ml. The results of the kinetic variables (mean ± standard error) of cephalothin in milk were: AUC = 5.4 ± 1.6 µg/ml/h; C max = 1.1 ± 0.3 µg/ml and t max = 1.7 ± 0.1 h. The correlation coefficients AUC-milk production, C max -milk production and t max -milk production were: 0.602 (P < 0.01), 0.596 (P < 0.01) and 0.398 (P < 0.1), respectively. In conclusion, the areas under the curve and the maximum concentrations and the time to reach them in milk are in fact related to the volume of milk produced by the goats.

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“…Only a few cephalosporins have a high biliary excretion, cefoperazone being one of them. Cefoperazone exhibits a longer half-life of elimination than older members of the group [5] and good penetration into organic bone [6]. Nitroxynil (4-Hydroxy-3-lodo-5-NitrobenOnitrile) is a potent anthelminthic from the family of substituted phenols that is utilized in ruminants for the control of trematodes, particularly for Fasciola hepatica.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetic interaction of nitroxynil and cefoperazone in goats

El-Hewaity¹

2015

IJBAS

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The pharmacokinetic aspects of cefoperazone (CEFO) were investigated via intravenous (IV), and intramuscular (IM) injections in clinically healthy goats at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.wt. Goats were pre-treated with nitroxynil (25%) or nitroxynil (34%) subcutaneously in a dose 10 mg/kg b.wt, respectively. Cefoperazone was injected intramuscularly nine hours following anthelmintic administration, and blood samples were taken by jugular venipuncture at standardized intervals. Cefoperazone concentrations in serum were determined by microbiological assay technique. Goats pre-treated with nitroxynil (25%) or nitroxynil (34%) showed a significant decrease in serum cefoperazone level as compared to non-anthelmintic treated goats. The obtained data revealed that administration of nitroxynil in both concentrations negatively affected most of the cefoperazone parameters. In this respect, the elimination half-life T 0.5(el) , C max , AUC, and the systemic bioavailability (F %) were significantly decreased in both groups of nitroxynil-treated goats compared to non-anthelmintic treated goats. On the other hand, there were no significance differences between both nitroxynil (25% and 34%) treated goats. Concomitant administration of nitroxynil (25% and 34%) with cefoperazone resulted in significant alterations in the disposition kinetic of cefoperazone in goats. Consequently, the interaction between nitroxynil and cefoperazone could be of clinical significance and may require monitoring and adjustment of cefoperazone dosage.

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Pharmacokinetic Properties of the Cephalosporins

Cited by 117 publications

References 37 publications

Oral cefadroxil prophylaxis in hip fracture surgery

Oral cefadroxil prophylaxis in hip fracture surgery

Correlations between milk production and kinetic variables in milk of cephalothin administered to lactating goats

Pharmacokinetic interaction of nitroxynil and cefoperazone in goats

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