Pharmacokinetic comparison of two phenolic acids after oral administration of Typhae pollen to normal rats and rats with acute cold blood stasis

Abstract

Typhae Pollen, dried pollen of Typha angustifolia L., Typha orientalis Presl or other plants of the same genus (Typhaeceae), has the effect of activating the circulation to cure blood stasis in traditional Chinese Medicine. The purpose of this study was to set up an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography method that could determine p-hydroxybenzoic acid and vanillic acid simultaneously in rat plasma, and to compare their pharmacokinetics in normal rats and rats with acute cold blood stasis, and further to investigate the influence of different dosages of oral administration. The pharmacokinetic parameters obtained showed that both of the phenolic acids had a higher bioavailability in rats with cold blood stasis than that in normal rats with a higher area under the concentration-time curve and longer mean residence time, and the high dose oral administration group had a higher capacity in blood stasis rats than in normal rats. These results reminded us that changes in health condition could alter the absorption and elimination of both phenolic acids in vivo, and the pharmacokinetic study under pathological conditions provides important information for more rational drug use in clinical situations.

Detecting Key Functional Components Group and Speculating the Potential Mechanism of Xiao-Xu-Ming Decoction in Treating Stroke

“…Oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) is a well-established in vitro model in studying the pathology and pharmacology of ischemic damage (Gu et al, 2013;Guo et al, 2013;Morán et al, 2017;Tian et al, 2020). Considering the actual clinical situations, patients usually take medications of XXMD in the poststroke (Pan et al, 2017;Zhong et al, 2020); we study the effect of components in treating stroke-based PC12 cells in the case that cells were protected with components after OGD. During the OGD, the cells were incubated in the culture medium without FBS in a hypoxic bag at 0.1% O 2 , 5% CO 2 , and 37 °C for 18 h (Gu et al, 2013;Morán et al, 2017).…”

Vanilla

“…After administration, vanillic acid distributes mainly to liver and kidney, with trace amounts in the brain. 23 It was determined in another rat study 24 that the absorption and elimination of vanillic acid can be affected by the health condition of the rat. In light of these reports, a detailed characterization of the metabolism of vanillin and vanillic acid in the human GI tract and subsequent tissue distribution of metabolites are needed, especially as an important complement to future clinical studies.…”

A rapid and sensitive LC–MS/MS method for the determination of vanillic acid in rat plasma with application to pharmacokinetic study

“…Therefore, it is important to develop a method for the determination of vanillic acid in rat plasma. Literature research suggested that many analytical methods including HPLC (Xu et al, 2007) and LC-MS/MS (Bhutani et al, 2018;Du et al, 2017;Pan et al, 2017;Pang et al, 2016;Tao et al, 2019;Zeng et al, 2016) have been established and applied for the quantitative analysis of vanillic acid. However, these works mainly focused on the pharmacokinetic behavior of vanillic acid after oral administration of Chinese herb extracts.…”