Pharmacogenomics in Heart Failure

Abstract

Heart failure is becoming increasingly prevalent in the United States and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Several therapies are currently available to treat this chronic illness; however, clinical response to these treatment options exhibit significant interpatient variation. It is now clearly understood that genetics is a key contributor to diversity in therapeutic response, and evidence that genetic polymorphisms alter the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and clinical response of heart failure drugs continues to accumulate. This suggests that pharmacogenomics has the potential to help clinicians improve the management of heart failure by choosing the safest and most effective medications and doses. Unfortunately, despite much supportive data, pharmacogenetic optimization of heart failure treatment regimens is not yet a reality. In order to attenuate the rising burden of heart failure, particularly in the context of the recent paucity of new effective interventions, there is an urgent need to extend pharmacogenetic knowledge and leverage these associations in order to enhance the effectiveness of existing heart failure therapies. The present review focuses on the current state of pharmacogenomics in heart failure and provides a glimpse of the aforementioned future needs.

Prognostic value of microRNAs in heart failure

“…Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome caused by cardiac structural and functional disorders, mainly including dyspnea, fatigue, poor exercise tolerance, and fluid retention. [5][6][7] Heart failure is the final stage in the progression of various cardiovascular diseases, which will greatly reduce the quality of life of patients with it and even endanger their lives.…”

Clinical Phenotyping of Heart Failure with Biomarkers: Current and Future Perspectives

“…Therefore, there is the potential for substantial phenotypic heterogeneity[61]. Recently, research strategies have focused on scanning the entire genome to search for “candidate genes” that are associated with specific diseases[5] or responses to specific HF therapeutics[62]. As HF is a complex syndrome, new sequencing techniques have the potential to identify patterns of genetic variants that may have an effect on HF development.…”

Analysis of microRNA Expression Profiles Induced by Yiqifumai Injection in Rats with Chronic Heart Failure

“…Clinical observations show that several syndromes have high risk inducing CHF, such as hypertension (He et al, 2001 ), age factors (Fukuta and Little, 2007 ) and neurohormonal system disorder (Landmesser et al, 2009 ), etc. Common used therapies for CHF include angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (Berliner and Bauersachs, 2017 ), beta-receptor blockers (Oniorisan and Lanfear, 2014 ), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (Liu et al, 2015 ), diuretics (Faris et al, 2012 ) and other modern medicines.…”