Pharmacoeconomics: Sensitization of undergraduate medical students

Gautam, CS; Bhanwra, Sangeeta

doi:10.4103/0253-7613.16863

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Both aqueous as well as alcoholic extracts of neem leaf were found to offer protection against paracetamol-induced liver damage [49,50]. The levels of marker enzymes such as aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were elevated 24 hours after paracetamol treatment, whereas rats fed with neem extract prior to paracetamol treatment showed much lower enzyme activities [49].…”

Section: Hepatoprotective Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The levels of marker enzymes such as aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were elevated 24 hours after paracetamol treatment, whereas rats fed with neem extract prior to paracetamol treatment showed much lower enzyme activities [49]. Kale et al [51] reported the protective effects of neem leaves on hepatotoxicity induced by antitubercular drugs in rats.…”

Section: Hepatoprotective Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medicinal Properties of Neem Leaves: A Review

Rajamanickam

Nagini²

2005

CMCACA

445

265

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Azadirachta indica, commonly known as neem, has attracted worldwide prominence in recent years, owing to its wide range of medicinal properties. Neem has been extensively used in Ayurveda, Unani and Homoeopathic medicine and has become a cynosure of modern medicine. Neem elaborates a vast array of biologically active compounds that are chemically diverse and structurally complex. More than 140 compounds have been isolated from different parts of neem. All parts of the neem tree- leaves, flowers, seeds, fruits, roots and bark have been used traditionally for the treatment of inflammation, infections, fever, skin diseases and dental disorders. The medicinal utilities have been described especially for neem leaf. Neem leaf and its constituents have been demonstrated to exhibit immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycaemic, antiulcer, antimalarial, antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties. This review summarises the wide range of pharmacological activities of neem leaf.

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Section: Hepatoprotective Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hepatoprotective Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal Properties of Neem Leaves: A Review

Rajamanickam

Nagini²

2005

CMCACA

445

265

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“…Thus, mice given an overdose of APAP have been widely used in an in vivo model for hepatoprotective studies of natural products. 6 Enhancement of antioxidant levels especially the GSH level was found to potentially help the liver recover from damage induced by an overdose of APAP in rats. 7 Many food and spices, such as pomegranate 8 and nutmeg, 9 were reported as potential antioxidant and hepatoprotective agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of the food seasoning curry leaves Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. (Rutaceae)

Beh

Lim

et al. 2015

RSC Adv.

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“…The leaf extract has shown immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-ulcer, anti-malarial, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic and anti-carcinogenic properties. Studies reveled that the water soluble portion of alcoholic extract of Azadirachta indica leaves possessed significant hepatoprotective activity [1][2][3][4][5][6] . Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for the treatment of pain and inflammation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drug induced liver injury (DILI) encompases a spectrum of clinical disease ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to acute liver failure. Antibiotics and NSAIDs are the most common cause of DILI [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] . Hepatotoxicity is one of the common side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Effect of <I>Azadirachta indica</I> Leaf Extractonaceclofenac Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Darbar¹,

Anirbandeep²,

Uttam³

et al. 2009

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

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Hepatotoxicity is the most serious adverse effects of Aceclofenac. In this study, the effect of Aceclofenac (ACE) induced liver damage in rats was investigated. Administration of ACE (90mg/kg/day) for 28 days produced severe liver injury, as demonstrated by dramatic elevation of serum hepatospecific markers like serum aspertate aminotransferase (AST), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and serum ã-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT). In addition, the level of plasma and hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was elevated in ACE treated rats as compared to those of the experimental control rats. A remarkable reduction in hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) content were also observed on ACE administration as compared with experimental control rats. However, simultaneous treatments with Azadirachta indica (AI) leaf extract (both 250 and 500mg/kg) significantly attenuated ACE induced hepatotoxicity. The results showed that serum AST, ALT, ALP and GGT (p<0.05), and hepatic TBARS (p<0.01) were reduced dramatically, and hepatic SOD (p<0.05), CAT (p<0.05), GPx (p<0.01) activity and GSH (p<0.05) content were restored remarkably by AI supplementation. It is therefore suggested that Azadirachta indica can provide a definite hepatoprotective and antioxidant effect against hepatic injury caused by Aceclofenac.

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Pharmacoeconomics: Sensitization of undergraduate medical students

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Medicinal Properties of Neem Leaves: A Review

Medicinal Properties of Neem Leaves: A Review

Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of the food seasoning curry leaves Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. (Rutaceae)

Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Effect of <I>Azadirachta indica</I> Leaf Extractonaceclofenac Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

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