Pharmacist roles, training, and perceived barriers in naloxone dispensing: A systematic review

Thakur, Tanvee; Frey, Meredith; Chewning, Betty

doi:10.1016/j.japh.2019.06.016

Cited by 71 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…A recent systematic review of pharmacists' roles, training, and barriers in dispensing naloxone, a life‐saving opioid antidote, reported widespread national and state policy support for pharmacists in overdose education and naloxone distribution. Identified barriers included lack of confidence making active naloxone recommendations to patients who use prescription and/or illicit opioids . Similarly, a scoping review of pharmacist attitudes, knowledge, and use of PDMP suggested that use of this supply side tool increased parallel to knowledge and/or attitude about the PDMP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, a scoping review of pharmacist attitudes, knowledge, and use of PDMP suggested that use of this supply side tool increased parallel to knowledge and/or attitude about the PDMP. In both papers, the researchers called for more rigorous evaluations of their conclusions, more training as well as further research into the pharmacists' roles and motivations for dispensing naloxone, and using the PDMP . Increasing access to medication‐based treatment are needed, as 1.4 million, or 80% of those diagnosed with an OUD, have not received an evidence‐based treatment (such as methadone, buprenorphine, or naltrexone) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Identified barriers included lack of confidence making active naloxone recommendations to patients who use prescription and/or illicit opioids. 8 Similarly, a scoping review of pharmacist attitudes, knowledge, and use of PDMP suggested that use of this supply side tool increased parallel to knowledge and/or attitude about the PDMP. In both papers, the researchers called for more rigorous evaluations of their conclusions, more training as well as further research into the pharmacists' roles and motivations for dispensing naloxone, and using the PDMP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In both papers, the researchers called for more rigorous evaluations of their conclusions, more training as well as further research into the pharmacists' roles and motivations for dispensing naloxone, and using the PDMP. 7,8 Increasing access to medication-based treatment are needed, as 1.4 million, or 80% of those diagnosed with an OUD, have not received an evidence-based treatment (such as methadone, buprenorphine, or naltrexone). 9 A majority of counties in the United States still lack waivered providers of buprenorphine, with rural populations still facing OUD treatment access disparities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacists and the opioid crisis: A narrative review of pharmacists' practice roles

Bratberg

Smothers

Collins

et al. 2019

J Am Coll Clin Pharm

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Introduction Nearly 2.5 million Americans have an opioid use disorder (OUD) related to prescription and/or illicit opioids. Pharmacists, as one of the most accessible care providers, are essential in mitigating the mortality and morbidity of the opioid overdose crisis. Pharmacists are involved in numerous care activities related to this crisis and to caring for patients with an OUD. Objective The objective of this paper was to conduct a literature review to highlight several pharmacist‐driven practices that provide a broad range of prevention, harm reduction, treatment, and recovery services to patients affected or potentially affected by the opioid crisis. Methods Articles had to meet the criteria of describing pharmacist‐led practice related to providing care to patients at risk of an opioid overdose, with an OUD, or related to opioid safety. The literature search was conducted in 2018 and utilized numerous sources including: OneSearch (EBSCOhost), PubMed, ScienceDirect, and the Journal of the American Pharmacists Association Opioid Topic Collection. Results Seven articles were chosen for inclusion in this review. These studies report on innovative programs and practices that describe the role of pharmacists in the opioid crisis. Studies demonstrate the types of involvement pharmacists have in caring for patients throughout the care continuum: actively engaged in upstream interventions aimed at preventing misuse and improve safety; screening and monitoring opioid prescribing and usage; providing access to naloxone; and, assisting in the recovery and rehabilitation process of patients with OUD, including collaboratively managing OUD with evidence‐based pharmacotherapy. Conclusion The studies included in our narrative review demonstrate how innovative programs and practices can expand the role of pharmacists throughout the entire spectrum of interventions applied to the opioid crisis by capitalizing on their existing skill sets and knowledge.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Pharmacists and the opioid crisis: A narrative review of pharmacists' practice roles

Bratberg

Smothers

Collins

et al. 2019

J Am Coll Clin Pharm

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In addition, since nearly all states have laws or policies that allow individuals to obtain naloxone from a pharmacist without a prescription from a physician, pharmacists also play a critical role in counseling patients and caregivers regarding the circumstances when naloxone should be administered and proper procedures for administration. 2 We do note that many individuals seeking naloxone from pharmacies may receive such education from opioid education and naloxone distribution (OEND) programs, but we suspect that the populations served by OEND programs, which commonly also provide naloxone, may have only modest overlap with the population obtaining naloxone from pharmacies. 3 As a result, pharmacy-dispensed naloxone is likely best viewed as occurring in tandem with OEND program-distributed naloxone, and pharmacists should not assume that individuals obtaining naloxone have been educated about its use.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prescribers and Naloxone Pharmacy Claims

et al. 2020

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Pharmacists and opioid use disorder care during COVID‐19: Call for action

Mohammad

Berri

Lehr

2021

J Am Coll Clin Pharm

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Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a chronic relapsing condition characterized by problematic opioid use causing significant impairment in daily life. Medication for opioid use disorder using buprenorphine, methadone, and naltrexone with behavioral therapy reduces illicit opioid use and risk of overdose death. Despite evidence and decades of experience, barriers limit access to treatment and care for individuals with OUD.Barriers include a lack of treatment centers particularly in rural areas, regulations on buprenorphine prescribing, and stigma from the community and health care professionals. While many barriers are longstanding, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic-forced isolation and associated stress has exacerbated challenges for individuals with mental health conditions such as OUD. Pharmacists are wellpositioned to bridge existing gaps in OUD care, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Roles for pharmacists include OUD risk identification and screening, referral of patients to treatment and support programs, ensuring medication access, expanding naloxone access, and advocacy initiatives. This review article identifies barriers to care for patients with OUD during the COVID-19 pandemic and explores opportunities and resources for pharmacists to improve OUD care during the pandemic and beyond.

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Pharmacist roles, training, and perceived barriers in naloxone dispensing: A systematic review

Cited by 71 publications

References 54 publications

Pharmacists and the opioid crisis: A narrative review of pharmacists' practice roles

Pharmacists and the opioid crisis: A narrative review of pharmacists' practice roles

Prescribers and Naloxone Pharmacy Claims

Pharmacists and opioid use disorder care during COVID‐19: Call for action

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