Pharmaceutical pollution of aquatic environment: an emerging and enormous challenge

Rzymski, Piotr; Drewek, Agnieszka; Klimaszyk, Piotr

doi:10.1515/limre-2017-0010

Cited by 54 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Moreover, Diclofenac, 17b-estradiol, and 17a-ethinylestradiol are included under the EU priority substances list [60], and numerous other residues are expected to be included in the future. Several reports have indicated the presence of pharmaceuticals in freshwater bodies, out of which certain rivers are the prime source of drinking water [61]. Even though care has been taken in monitoring the presence of pharmaceuticals in surface water, limited water treatment methods are adopted to eliminate several pollutants.…”

Section: Pharmaceuticalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Hydrodynamic Cavitation: A Review of Recent Advances and Perspectives for Greener Processing

2020

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The 20th century has witnessed a remarkable enhancement in the demand for varieties of consumer products, ranging from food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, to other industries. To enhance the quality of the product and to reduce the production cost, industries are gradually inclined towards greener processing technologies. Cavitation-based technologies are gaining interest among processing technologies due to their cost effectiveness in operation, minimization of toxic solvent usage, and ability to obtain superior processed products compared to conventional methods. Also, following the recent advancements, cavitation technology with large-scale processing applicability is only denoted to the hydrodynamic cavitation (HC)-based method. This review includes a general overview of hydrodynamic cavitation-based processing technologies and a detailed discussion regarding the process effectiveness. HC has demonstrated its usefulness in food processing, extraction of valuable products, biofuel synthesis, emulsification, and waste remediation, including broad-spectrum contaminants such as pharmaceuticals, bacteria, dyes, and organic pollutants of concern. Following the requirement of a specific process, HC has been implemented either alone or in combination with other process-intensifying steps, for example, catalyst, surfactant, ultraviolet (UV), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and ozone (O3), for better performance. The reactor set-up of HC includes orifice, slit venturi, rotor-stator, and sonolator type constrictions that initiate and control the formation of bubbles. Moreover, the future directions have also been pointed out with careful consideration of specific drawbacks.

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Section: Pharmaceuticalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Hydrodynamic Cavitation: A Review of Recent Advances and Perspectives for Greener Processing

2020

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“…Moreover, metabolites are formed by enzymes and bacterial activity [13]. The biotransformation of APIs is the introduction of a functional group such as hydroxy, carboxyl, amine or sulfhydryl which increase hydrophilicity and then is followed by the conjugation with polar molecules like glucuronic acid, acetate esters, carboxamides or sulphate [14]. On the other side, TPs are molecules formed under environmental conditions after the excretion of parent compounds and their metabolites through processes of hydrolysis, light, oxidation or biotic process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Characterization of 76 Pharmaceuticals and Metabolites in Wastewater by LC-MS/MS

et al. 2021

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Wastewaters are considered one of the main sources of pollution in the aquatic environment as release a large number of contaminants every day. Emerging contaminants such as pharmaceuticals have special interest due to the high levels of consumption by the global population, their bioactive properties and because actual directives do not include the monitoring of pharmaceuticals. Moreover, it is well-known that pharmaceuticals can be degraded to metabolites or transformation products (TPs), which could be more toxic than the parental compound. In this study, we have developed an analytical method based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to determine 76 highly consumed pharmaceuticals, including metabolites and TPs in wastewater effluents. In the 10 wastewaters analysed, the mean concentrations were in the µg L−1 levels, being mycophenolic acid, levodopa, ibuprofen, 4-aminoantypirine, losartan, amylmetacresol, amoxicillin, fluticasone, tramadol, budesonide, chlorpheniramine and diclofenac the pharmaceuticals with the highest concentrations. This study provides a comprehensive optimization on the MS conditions to determine pharmaceutical compounds and their metabolites and provides a spectral characterization to be used for the identification of these compounds in water.

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“…Since the first successful detection of drugs (respectively drug metabolites) in the aquatic system by Hignite and Azarnoff (1977), environmental waters and in particular effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) have been frequently analyzed with respect to the presence of drug residues (for exemplary reviews, see Buchberger 2011;Cotton et al 2016;Lindberg et al 2014;Petrie et al 2013;Puckowski et al 2016;Richardson and Ternes 2014;Rzymski et al 2017). Within the last years, a new facet related to the certainty that pharmaceuticals can be found in the effluent of WWTPs all over the world has emerged, as those waters are increasingly used for irrigation purposes in agriculture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake and bio-transformation of telmisartan by cress (Lepidium sativum) from sewage treatment plant effluents using high-performance liquid chromatography/drift-tube ion-mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Lang

Himmelsbach

Mlynek

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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In the present study, the uptake and metabolization of the sartan drug telmisartan by a series of plants was investigated. Thereby for seven potential metabolites, modifications on the telmisartan molecule such as hydroxylation and/or glycosylation could be tentatively identified. For two additional signals detected at accurate masses m/z 777.3107 and m/z 793.3096, no suggestions for molecular formulas could be made. Further investigations employing garden cress (Lepidium sativum) as a model plant were conducted. This was done in order to develop an analytical method allowing the detection of these substances also under environmentally relevant conditions. For this reason, the knowledge achieved from treatment of the plants with rather high concentrations of the parent drug (10 mg L−1) was compared with results obtained when using solutions containing telmisartan in the μg - ng L−1 range. Thereby the parent drug and up to three tentative drug-related metabolites could still be detected. Finally cress was cultivated in water taken from a local waste water treatment plant effluent containing 90 ng L−1 of telmisartan and harvested and the cress roots were extracted. In this extract, next to the parent drug one major metabolite, namely telmisartan-glucose could be identified.

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Pharmaceutical pollution of aquatic environment: an emerging and enormous challenge

Cited by 54 publications

References 67 publications

Controlled Hydrodynamic Cavitation: A Review of Recent Advances and Perspectives for Greener Processing

Controlled Hydrodynamic Cavitation: A Review of Recent Advances and Perspectives for Greener Processing

Comprehensive Characterization of 76 Pharmaceuticals and Metabolites in Wastewater by LC-MS/MS

Uptake and bio-transformation of telmisartan by cress (Lepidium sativum) from sewage treatment plant effluents using high-performance liquid chromatography/drift-tube ion-mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

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