Pharmaceutical Emulsions and Suspensions

Nielloud, F.; Marti‐Mestres, Gilberte

doi:10.1201/b14005

Cited by 70 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…Emulsions are broadly utilized in different industries such as pharmaceutical [1], hydraulic fluids [2], polymerization [3], paints [4], and food industries [5,6]. Furthermore, emulsification technology has been extensively applied in the oilfields [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Surfactant Structure on the Stability of Water-in-Oil Emulsions under High-Temperature High-Salinity Conditions

Mohamed

Sultan

Hussein

et al. 2017

Journal of Chemistry

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Emulsified water-in-oil (W/O) systems are extensively used in the oil industry for water control and acid stimulation. Emulsifiers are commonly utilized to emulsify a water-soluble material to form W/O emulsion. The selection of a particular surfactant for such jobs is critical and certainly expensive. In this work, the impact of surfactant structure on the stability of W/O emulsions is investigated using the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of the surfactant. Different commercial surfactants were evaluated for use as emulsifiers for W/O systems at high-temperature (up to 120 ∘ C) high-salinity (221,673 ppm) HTHS conditions. Diverse surfactants were examined including ethoxylates, polyethylene glycols, fluorinated surfactants, and amides. Both commercial Diesel and waste oil are used for the oleic phase to prepare the emulsified system. Waste oil has shown higher stability (less separation) in comparison with Diesel. This work has successfully identified stable emulsified W/O systems that can tolerate HTHS environments using HLB approach. Amine Acetate family shows higher stability in comparison with Glycol Ether family and at even lower concentration. New insights into structure-surfactant stability relationship, beyond the HLB approach, are provided for surfactant selection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Surfactant Structure on the Stability of Water-in-Oil Emulsions under High-Temperature High-Salinity Conditions

Mohamed

Sultan

Hussein

et al. 2017

Journal of Chemistry

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“…As the system point reaches the plait point or critical point from within the two-phase area, the length of the tie line through the system point approaches zero, the miscibility gap disappears, and the composition of the two liquid phases become indistinguishable. 11,12 This is valid in low temperature. As the temperature increases it reaches the closed loop region which added two 2 phase regions to the phase diagram (one oil rich and other water rich) and two plait or critical points.…”

Section: Methods Of Reading and Rules Relating To Triangular Diagramsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Phase Diagrams for Three Component Mixtures in Pharmaceuticals and its Applications

Dhoot¹,

Naha²,

Priya³

et al. 2018

JYP

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A phase is a physically discrete and chemically homogeneous portion of a system, separated by boundaries from other portions of the system. The phase rule given by J.W Gibbs in 1874 is applied to define a system composed of single component as well as multi-component. Various pharmaceutical formulations such as emulsion, micro emulsions and gels are mainly composed of lipid soluble component, water soluble component, surfactant and cosolvents. Phase diagram serves as an important tool for screening of such formulation components. A phase diagram is a graphical representation composed of area curve, lines and points, which is used to describe a specific system composed of a single or multiple components and generate the data with respect to concentration of different components, temperature and pressure at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur, transform from one phase to another and coexist at equilibrium. A ternary phase diagram has the shape of a triangular prism with an equilateral triangle as a foundation which is used to describe a three component system. Ternary phase diagrams give the precise and accurate data of the various composite component systems and are utilized in several areas of pharmaceuticals like the formulation of various dosage forms, polymer coating methods and several other formulation processes. The review focuses on the concept of phase diagram and phase rule, various methods and rules relating to ternary phase diagrams, various examples and its recent applications in pharmaceutical research.

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“…Conventional emulsions with a size distribution over 4 µm will cause vascular blockage and 22 affect blood pressure (Floyd, 1999, Nielloud andMarti-Mestres, 2000b). Emulsion formulations for intravenous injection must be below 500 nm in diameter (Driscoll et al, 2009), making nanoemulsion an ideal candidate.…”

Section: Nanoemulsionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emulsions with a neutral droplet surface are taken up by macrophages more slowly than those with a charged droplet surface (Stossel et al, 1972). Negatively charged emulsions are more easily cleared from the blood stream and distributed in the liver and spleen, while the positively charged emulsion droplets are expected to have high cell association as a result of electrostatic adhesion between the droplets and the negatively charged cell membrane (Nielloud and Marti-Mestres, 2000a). The hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity of emulsion oil droplets could also affect their uptake by MPS.…”

Section: Surface Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailorable nanocarrier emulsion for drug delivery

Zeng¹

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Close to 40-percent of new pharmaceuticals and over 30-percent of pipeline drugs exhibit poor water solubility which provides challenges in drug delivery, such as the delivery of therapeutic levels of drugs to specific biological targets to achieve a desired therapeutic outcome. The challenge of increasing drug therapeutic efficacy, with a concurrent minimization of side effects, can be tackled through proper design and engineering of a suitable drug delivery system (DDS). There is a high demand for DDS that are easy to prepare in the absence of non-pharmaceutical solvents, can carry a variety of drugs, have appropriate pharmacokinetic properties including stability under biological conditions and/or can deliver a drug to a particular tissue or receptor. The development of nanotechnology and bioengineered nanomaterials has greatly increased the potential of nanocarriers for drug delivery. Motivated by the challenges experienced with modular design of effective nanocarrier, this PhD project aims to develop a platform tailorable nanocarrier emulsion (TNE) with combined long circulating and target specific properties, using only biological components and facile processes.Nanoemulsions are a promising nanocarrier class for enhancement of solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. They are emulsions that have extremely small droplet size ranging from 10 nm to 200 nm with narrow size distribution. The enormous interfacial area formed by nano-sized droplets provides further engineering opportunities for sustained and controlled drug delivery. Peptide surfactant AM1 was shown to have good emulsification properties and can stabilize oil-in-water emulsions prepared from a range of oils. Recent works from our laboratory have shown that AM1 stabilized emulsion can be used to deliver a hydrophobic molecule to knock down an intracellular protein target in vitro. In this PhD work, we tested our hypotheses that a recently-reported biosurfactant protein DAMP4, which comprises four repeating sequences closely related to AM1, could be used to functionalize the interface of AM1 stabilized oil-in-water emulsion through non-covalent self-assembly by addressing the following: (1) Utilization of DAMP4 modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to investigate whether DAMP4 can display PEG at the interface and impart altered cell association to the nanoemulsion; (2) Utilization of DAMP4 modified with monoclonal antibody (mAb) against the CD8 + dendritic cells (DCs) specific receptor Clec9A to design a nanocarrier emulsion that is able to target Clec9A + DCs; (3) Encapsulation of a model antigen within the immune evading and Clec9A + DCs targeting emulsion to investigate the immune function in a relevant animal model. This work, to our best knowledge, introduces the first DC targeting and immune-evading tailorable nanocarrier emulsion (TNE) made using only biological components and assembled in a bottom-up fashion. Simple topii down sequential addition of immune evading and receptor-specific Ab elements conjugated to DAM...

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Pharmaceutical Emulsions and Suspensions

Cited by 70 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of Surfactant Structure on the Stability of Water-in-Oil Emulsions under High-Temperature High-Salinity Conditions

Influence of Surfactant Structure on the Stability of Water-in-Oil Emulsions under High-Temperature High-Salinity Conditions

Phase Diagrams for Three Component Mixtures in Pharmaceuticals and its Applications

Tailorable nanocarrier emulsion for drug delivery

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