Phage approved in food, why not as a therapeutic?

Sarhan, Wessam A.; Azzazy, Hassan M.E.

doi:10.1586/14787210.2015.990383

Cited by 73 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Recently, with the emergence of multidrug resistant strains and the highthroughput sequencing abilities, the risk of using phages with unwanted genes has been greatly reduced. Phage therapy is being considered, again, for use both in the food industry and in medicine (25). In addition, several reports showed that phage therapy improved (26)(27)(28), and in some cases was even more successful than (29,30), antibiotic treatment.…”

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confidence: 99%

Targeting Enterococcus faecalis Biofilms with Phage Therapy

Khalifa

Brosh

Gelman

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

188

158

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Phage therapy has been proven to be more effective, in some cases, than conventional antibiotics, especially regarding multidrug-resistant biofilm infections. The objective here was to isolate an anti-Enterococcus faecalis bacteriophage and to evaluate its efficacy against planktonic and biofilm cultures. E. faecalis is an important pathogen found in many infections, including endocarditis and persistent infections associated with root canal treatment failure. The difficulty in E. faecalis treatment has been attributed to the lack of anti-infective strategies to eradicate its biofilm and to the frequent emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. To this end, an anti-E. faecalis and E. faecium phage, termed EFDG1, was isolated from sewage effluents. The phage was visualized by electron microscopy. EFDG1 coding sequences and phylogeny were determined by whole genome sequencing (GenBank accession number KP339049), revealing it belongs to the Spounavirinae subfamily of the Myoviridae phages, which includes promising candidates for therapy against Gram-positive pathogens. This analysis also showed that the EFDG1 genome does not contain apparent harmful genes. EFDG1 antibacterial efficacy was evaluated in vitro against planktonic and biofilm cultures, showing effective lytic activity against various E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates, regardless of their antibiotic resistance profile. In addition, EFDG1 efficiently prevented ex vivo E. faecalis root canal infection. These findings suggest that phage therapy using EFDG1 might be efficacious to prevent E. faecalis infection after root canal treatment.

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confidence: 99%

Targeting Enterococcus faecalis Biofilms with Phage Therapy

Khalifa

Brosh

Gelman

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

188

158

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“…Phages, as “our enemy’s enemy,” are potential weapons against drug-resistant pathogens [16, 17]. Some phage products have already been approved by the FDA as food biopreservatives, such as ListShield and ListexP100 [18]. The Phagoburn clinical study, supported by several European countries, was conducted to assess the safety, effectiveness, and pharmacodynamics of two therapeutic phage cocktails to treat E. coli and P. aeruginosa burn wound infections [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phage Abp1 Rescues Human Cells and Mice from Infection by Pan-Drug Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii

Yin

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2017

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: As an “ESKAPE” pathogen, Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the leading causes of drug-resistant infections in humans. Phage therapy may be a useful strategy in treating infections caused by drug-resistant A. baumannii. Among 21 phage strains that were isolated and described earlier, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of Abp1 because of its relatively wide host range. Methods: Phage stability assays were used to evaluate thermal and pH stability of Abp1. Abp1 was co-cultured with A. baumannii (AB1) over a range of multiplicities of infection to determine its bactericidal efficacy. HeLa or THP-1 cells were used in the cytotoxicity and protection assays. Finally, the therapeutic effects of Abp1 on local and systemic A. baumannii infection in mice were determined. Results: We found that Abp1 exhibits high thermal and pH stability and has a low frequency of lysogeny. Bacteriophage resistance also occurs at a very low frequency (3.51±0.46×10^-8), and Abp1 can lyse almost all host cells at a MOI as low as 0.1. Abp1 has no detectable cytotoxicity to HeLa or THP-1 cells as determined by LDH release assay. Abp1 can rescue HeLa cells from A. baumannii infection, even if introduced 2 hours post infection. In both local and systemic A. baumannii infection mouse models, Abp1 treatment exhibits good therapeutic effects. Conclusion: Abp1 is an excellent candidate for phage therapy against drug-resistant A. baumannii infections.

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“…Food-borne infections in the United States alone have been estimated to cause ~76 million illnesses, more than 300,000 hospitalizations and 5000 deaths each year [1]. Moreover, food contamination could result in a loss of 25% of food produced every year [2]. Bacterial pathogens, such as Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella , Campylobacter jejuni , and Listeria monocytogenes , are the leading causes of these bacterial foodborne illnesses [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Elementary Evaluation of a Highly-Automated Fluorescence-Based Instrument System for On-Site Detection of Food-Borne Pathogens

Zhang

et al. 2017

Sensors

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A simple, highly-automated instrument system used for on-site detection of foodborne pathogens based on fluorescence was designed, fabricated, and preliminarily tested in this paper. A corresponding method has been proved effective in our previous studies. This system utilizes a light-emitting diode (LED) to excite fluorescent labels and a spectrometer to record the fluorescence signal from samples. A rotation stage for positioning and switching samples was innovatively designed for high-throughput detection, ten at most in one single run. We also developed software based on LabVIEW for data receiving, processing, and the control of the whole system. In the test of using a pure quantum dot (QD) solution as a standard sample, detection results from this home-made system were highly-relevant with that from a well-commercialized product and even slightly better reproducibility was found. And in the test of three typical kinds of food-borne pathogens, fluorescence signals recorded by this system are highly proportional to the variation of the sample concentration, with a satisfied limit of detection (LOD) (nearly 102–103 CFU·mL−1 in food samples). Additionally, this instrument system is low-cost and easy-to-use, showing a promising potential for on-site rapid detection of food-borne pathogens.

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Phage approved in food, why not as a therapeutic?

Cited by 73 publications

References 79 publications

Targeting Enterococcus faecalis Biofilms with Phage Therapy

Targeting Enterococcus faecalis Biofilms with Phage Therapy

Phage Abp1 Rescues Human Cells and Mice from Infection by Pan-Drug Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii

Design and Elementary Evaluation of a Highly-Automated Fluorescence-Based Instrument System for On-Site Detection of Food-Borne Pathogens

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