pH and its applications in targeted drug delivery

Abdella, Sadikalmahdi; Abid, Fatima; Youssef, Souha H.; Kim, Sangseo; Afinjuomo, Franklin; Malinga, Constance; Song, Yunmei; Garg, Sanjay

doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103414

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 187 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…pH‐sensitive polymers are versatile and possess a variety of biomedical applications. Considering the pH of body cavities, fluids, and gradients across the cellular membrane, the polymers can be selected according to the pH of the target site 6,150 . Table 6 enlists the values of pH in various body compartments 4 …”

Section: Applications Of Polyelectrolytes In Drug Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

pH‐responsive polymers for drug delivery: Trends and opportunities

Singh,

Nayak

2023

Journal of Polymer Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polymer science has applications in biomedical engineering, prosthetics, surgical implants, and prospective pharmaceutical excipients for drug delivery. “Intelligent or Smart Polymers” are created for drug targeting either by derivatization of natural polymers or controlled radical polymerization of electrolytes. Their mode of action is governed by the environmental stimuli viz. temperature, pH, ionic concentration, magnetism, and so on. pH‐responsive polymers, because of their self‐assembling behavior, alter their solubility, conformation, surface activity, and hydrophilicity when exposed to a specific pH. The physiological pH varies from acidic nuclei to alkaline cytoplasm and highly acidic gastric juice to slightly alkaline plasma; thus, various polymers are under study for delivering small molecules, genes, peptides, enzymes, growth factors, and antibodies. The non‐invasive drug delivery routes like oral, ocular, nasal, pulmonary, transdermal, and rectal routes can be explored for targeting recombinant proteins, monoclonal antibodies, and small molecules with particular emphasis on the individual's physiological and pathological state. Further, these polymers can be designed into various architectures like dendrimers, liposomes, micelles, and metallic nanoparticles that can serve as drug reservoirs for sustaining drug release. The challenges in this field are the selection of biocompatible polymers with ease of synthesis and scale‐up, ensuring effective drug‐loading, and stability aspects, producing robust pharmacological data, and timely regulatory approvals. This review exclusively explores the physicochemical characteristics of pH‐responsive polymers, their categorization, various architectural entities, recent studies and patents, and their emerging applications concerning specific diseases.

show abstract

Section: Applications Of Polyelectrolytes In Drug Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the pH of body cavities, fluids, and gradients across the cellular membrane, the polymers can be selected according to the pH of the target site. 6,150…”

Section: Applications Of Polyelectrolytes In Drug Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

pH‐responsive polymers for drug delivery: Trends and opportunities

Singh,

Nayak

2023

Journal of Polymer Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The biological constraints are mainly determined by the medical condition that requires treatment: Most commonly, the diseased area is the target location, that is, a specific organ, tissue, cell type or cell compartment. It is defined by its local characteristics (in the pathological state), such as tissue composition and cell types, but also more physical–chemical parameters, for example, slightly acidic pH in tumor microenvironments or inflammation‐related concentration increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) 60–63 . The target location combined with the administration route (enteral, parenteral, or others) 21,64–66 dictate the required cargo/particle transport in the body and the number and types of biological barriers the system needs to pass.…”

Section: General Design Criteria For Polymeric Nanoparticles In Drug ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is defined by its local characteristics (in the pathological state), such as tissue composition and cell types, but also more physical-chemical parameters, for example, slightly acidic pH in tumor microenvironments or inflammationrelated concentration increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS). [60][61][62][63] The target location combined with the administration route (enteral, parenteral, or others) 21,[64][65][66] dictate the required cargo/particle transport in the body and the number and types of biological barriers the system needs to pass. Along the way, the risks for evoking adverse off-target effects, an immune response, and undesired premature cargo/particle clearance have to be evaluated.…”

Section: Biological Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerization‐induced self‐assembly for drug delivery: A critical appraisal

Hochreiner,

van Ravensteijn

2023

Journal of Polymer Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polymerization‐induced self‐assembly (PISA) with (in situ) encapsulation of (therapeutic) cargo has proven to be an efficient preparation method for loaded polymeric micelles and polymersomes, thereby presenting significant opportunities in the field of drug delivery. However, despite extensive research efforts, no significant advances toward systematic in vivo studies or clinical applications have been achieved to date. In this Review, we outline the current state‐of‐the‐art of cargo encapsulation via PISA with a specific focus on developments achieved in the past 5 years. Considering the general requirements for functional drug delivery systems, we identify the major hurdles that still need to be overcome in order to push PISA‐derived systems from a promising academic exercise to viable candidates for clinical translation.

show abstract

“…30 To overcome the poor selectivity, employing prodrugs that can be activated or drugs that can be delivered in a specific region have become promising strategies. 31 For example, solid tumour environment (the most common form of cancer) is usually characterised by hypoxia 32 and a slight acidity, [33][34][35] properties that can be used to activate the prodrugs or to deliver the drugs. Carboxylatodiruthenium(II,III) compounds are also interesting under this point of view since they have redox potentials physiologically accessible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%