Petrography, geochemistry, and cathodoluminescence of ancient white marble from quarries in the southern Phrygia and northern Caria regions of Turkey: Considerations on provenance discrimination

Brilli, Mauro; Giustini, Francesca; Conte, Aida Maria; Mercadal, María Pilar Lapuente; Quarta, Giovanni; Plumed, Hernando Royo; Scardozzi, Giuseppe; Belardi, Girolamo

doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2015.08.036

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The carbonate rocks that underwent the decarbonation process in the area are mainly marbles, the carbon isotope composition of which averages around +1.8‰ (Brilli et al . ). This means that the parental CO 2 that contributed to the travertine formation is enriched in 13 C with respect to CO 2 that is generally produced by biogenic processes or that has an atmospheric provenance, and, conversely, is 13 C depleted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Characterizing the Alabastro listato or fiorito of Hierapolis in Phrygia: A Simple Method to Identify its Provenance using Carbon Stable Isotopes

et al. 2017

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Alabastro listato or fiorito of Hierapolis in Phrygia was a prestigious coloured marble widely used in Roman architecture and decoration. This stone is generally identified in artefacts on autoptic examination, but it may sometimes be confused with alabasters of different provenances. This study describes a simple, but effective, scientific method to contribute to the determination of Hierapolis alabaster. Due to its unique genetic context, it is characterized by a distinctive carbon isotope signature. A comparison between the stable carbon isotope data from this paper and from the literature confirms the uniqueness of the isotopic character of Hierapolis alabaster. Carbon isotopes can ensure a reliably provenance attribution of the alabaster artefacts along with visual recognition by an expert eye. sanctuary for the gods of the Underworld, was built on a hot bubbling spring. The temperature of the water is close to 35°C, and its emergence to the surface, after a long, deep subterranean circulation, is favoured by crustal tectonic discontinuities that act as preferential ascent routes (Dilsiz 2006;Kele et al. 2011).Hot waters also characterized many springs in the Denizli Basin in the past, most of which bordered the north-eastern flank of the valley. This evidence is provided by the late Quaternary travertine deposits that formed at different times over the last 400 kyr and scattered along the borders of the Denizli Basin, punctuating tectonic lineaments (De Filippis et al. 2012).The travertine outcrops in the Denizli Basin can be classed into five morphological types according to Altunel and Hancock (1993a,b): terraced-mound travertine, range-front travertine, fissure-ridge travertine, eroded-sheet travertine and self-built channel travertine. The area's most characteristic landform is the fissure ridge, a term that dates back to 1883, when Hayden used it to describe an elongated mound with a central fissure along its long axis, characterizing the travertine deposition from hydrothermal hot waters rising along fractures in the bedrock. They are characterized by two main structure types that show different dispositions. The first structure is 'bedded', which has the typical aspect of porous, encrusted travertine and is located on the flanks of the ridge. The second structure, called 'banded', is deposited in the fissures and veins, with a massive aspect, coloured to form brown, yellow and white patchy patterns, sometimes translucent and similar to the cave speleothems. Both types were quarried in ancient and modern times, but the latter was greatly appreciated for its colours and aspect in classical times. Its popularity led it to be exported to Rome and used as prestigious coloured marble in Roman architecture and decoration. It was classified by the Roman stonemasons as alabaster and was later dubbed Alabastro fiorito or listato, probably due to 19th-century literature (Corsi 1845).Bruno (2002) reported the possibility that Strabo recorded the arrival of this stone in Rome, along with different coloured stones...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These faults separate the basin‐fill deposits (a succession up to 1300 m thick, consisting of coarse‐ to fine‐grained siliciclastic deposits with associated carbonates and minor evaporites) from their metamorphic bedrock, which houses many important ancient marble quarries (Brilli et al . ).…”

Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 97%

Characterizing the Alabastro listato or fiorito of Hierapolis in Phrygia: A Simple Method to Identify its Provenance using Carbon Stable Isotopes

et al. 2017

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“…Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) to determine C and O isotopes. Results were compared to those obtained, using the same methodology, in a wide collection of quarry marbles, being local (Gutiérrez , supra-regional (Lapuente 1995;Lapuente and Turi 1995;Lapuente, Turi, and Blanc 2000;Lapuente et al , 2018Origlia et al 2011) and classical marbles (Gorgoni et al 2002;Attanasio, Brilli, and Ogle 2006;Attanasio, Bruno, and Yavuz 2009;Attanasio et al 2015Attanasio et al , 2017Lapuente et al 2012;Antonelli and Lazzarini 2015;Brilli et al 2015Brilli et al , 2018.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscope Equipped With Energy Dispersivementioning

confidence: 99%

Marble Pieces in the Romanesque Portal of Glory of the Santiago de Compostela Cathedral. New Data through a Multi-Analytical Approach

Mercadal

García

Soutelo

et al. 2019

International Journal of Architectural Heritage

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Probably the most important Romanesque artwork in Spain, the Portal of Glory of Santiago de Compostela is essentially made in granite, the most abundant stone in the NW of Iberia, with the only exception of five marble pieces. Different hypothesis on the origin of these marbles have previously been proposed based on visual assessment or by directly assuming a local source. To shed light on their quarry provenance, a multi-analytical study was performed combining polarized-light optical microscopy, cathodoluminescence microscopy, XRPD, SEM-EDS and stable C and O isotopes. The comparison of the results with the available databases reveals the use of marbles from the Estremoz Anticline (Portugal) in the three exquisitely carved columns strategically placed in the central arcade, whereas the other two pieces are local marbles, illustrating a more complex consumption of this noble material than that initially expected.

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“…; Brilli et al . ; Bruno et al . ), and in the west, such as those of O‐Incio, in the north‐western corner of Hispania (Lapuente et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

NMR as a new tool for cultural heritage application: The provenance of ancient white marbles

et al. 2019

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Identifying the origin of marble used in antiquity brings back to light details of the economic, social and political organization of classical societies, and characterizing in depth the chemistry of marble is key to discovering its provenance. Beyond X-ray diffraction, which could reveal the presence of discriminant secondary crystalline phases and the quantification of accessory minerals combined with a multivariate analysis approach, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) enables one to recognize the local structure arrangement of both crystalline and amorphous materials by looking at one or more selected atoms. In present paper targets the 13 C nuclide, and thus the major component of marble, calcium carbonate. Whatever their geological origin, marbles 13 C-NMR spectra present only one resonance corresponding to the carboxyl function whose intensity and line width vary from one marble to another. If the variation of the NMR signal intensity observed is the result of great T1 variations (from 220 to 5300 s) and is linked to iron content, the line width reflects defects in the calcite crystal in which calcium has been replaced by another element such as magnesium, aluminium or strontium. The specific profile of the NMR signal has been used successfully to help determine the origin of some archaeological items.

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Petrography, geochemistry, and cathodoluminescence of ancient white marble from quarries in the southern Phrygia and northern Caria regions of Turkey: Considerations on provenance discrimination

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Characterizing the Alabastro listato or fiorito of Hierapolis in Phrygia: A Simple Method to Identify its Provenance using Carbon Stable Isotopes

Characterizing the Alabastro listato or fiorito of Hierapolis in Phrygia: A Simple Method to Identify its Provenance using Carbon Stable Isotopes

Marble Pieces in the Romanesque Portal of Glory of the Santiago de Compostela Cathedral. New Data through a Multi-Analytical Approach

NMR as a new tool for cultural heritage application: The provenance of ancient white marbles

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