Pesticides in Golf Course Waters Associated with Golf Course Runoff

Wan, Hai Bin; Wong, Ming Keong; Mok, Chup Yew

doi:10.1007/s001289900031

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Thus, the increased of fungicides could be linked to the golf course and might explain the systematic increased of PPPs in cluster 1 around the same time. Fungicides (e.g., carbendazim and prochloraz) and insecticides are frequently applied to golf course turfs to control surface activities of earthworms and management of fungal diseases. , So far, water quality monitoring has focused on agriculture chemicals; however, pesticides applied to turfgrass systems such as golf courses, home lawns, and parks have rarely been included in monitoring campaigns . To pinpoint the specific reason for the increase of fungicides in Lake Moossee, further studies are needed (e.g., spatial analysis).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PPPs detected are also applied to other crops such as root crops, legumes, and fruit trees, in addition to cereals, which might indicate a shift in land use. The increase in fungicides could be also attributed to the use of fungicides in the golf course as in the case of carbendazim and prochloraz in cluster 3, cyproconazole, propiconazole, tebuconazole, and fludioxonil in cluster 4, and azoxystrobin in cluster 5, which are fungicides usually applied to turf grasses. , However, additional studies are needed to identify the main reason for the increase of fungicides in Lake Moossee in the last ∼12 years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Resolution Historical Record of Plant Protection Product Deposition Documented by Target and Nontarget Trend Analysis in a Swiss Lake under Anthropogenic Pressure

Chiaia‐Hernández

Zander

Schneider

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A multiproxy-workflow was used to assess > plant protection products (PPP) in sediment samples from a Swiss lake under heavy agricultural pressure. The results show the appearance of PPP for the first time in the early 1960s with an overall detection of 34 PPP and with herbicides and fungicides found in equal proportions. Paleolimnological data (e.g., chronology, hyperspectral imaging of sedimentary green pigments and semi-quantitative elemental composition (µXRF scans)) suggest that PPP concentrations and fluxes to the sediment over time are not related to land surface processes such as soil erosion or lake biogeochemistry but are attributed mainly to PPP application (inferred from sales) or regulatory measures (bans).Additional compounds with similar sources of contamination as the target PPP captured by nontarget trend analysis (≥ 2000 unknown profiles), reveal significant inputs of contaminants to the lake starting in the 1970s, followed by a decrease of contamination at the beginning of the 1990s and a constant increase by ~28% of the unknown compounds since the year 2000.An ecological risk assessment conducted on detected PPP indicates that since the 1980s the sediment quality is insufficient with risk quotients values displaying maximum levels in the most recent sediments (~2010), despite bans of specific PPP and environmental regulations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Resolution Historical Record of Plant Protection Product Deposition Documented by Target and Nontarget Trend Analysis in a Swiss Lake under Anthropogenic Pressure

Chiaia‐Hernández

Zander

Schneider

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Their concentrations in adjacent waters have been reported more frequently than those for nutrients contained in fertilizers (Miles et al, 1992;Horst et al, 1996;Wan et al, 1996), which are applied to golf courses in large amounts, particularly in Florida where high annual rainfall necessitates frequent application. The common use of treated or reclaimed municipal wastewater for irrigation also provides additional nutrients to golf course greens and fairways (Johnson, 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of a Coastal Golf Complex on Water Quality, Periphyton, and Seagrass

Lewis

Boustany

Dantin

et al. 2002

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…Golf courses have come under scrutiny in recent years due to their potential environmental impacts, and their effects have been reviewed [6,7]. The effects of chemicals applied to golf courses have been reported on surface and groundwater quality [1,8–10] and on fish, wildlife, and birds [11–13]. Some studies have surveyed the effects of multiple golf courses [14] while others have focused on one course [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment chemical contamination and toxicity associated with a coastal golf course complex

Lewis

Foss

Harris

et al. 2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The increasing density of golf courses represents a potential source of sediment contamination to nearby coastal areas, the chemical and biological magnitude of which is almost unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of contaminants and toxicities of sediments impacted by a coastal golf course complex. Sediment contaminant concentrations were determined at least twice during the two-year study period at 14 sampling stations. In addition, a combination of acute and chronic bioassays were conducted exposing four invertebrate test species to whole sediments and associated pore waters. Overall, the Florida, USA, golf course complex had a measurable impact on sediment chemical quality, particularly in near-field areas. Higher concentrations of several trace metals and organochlorine pesticides were detected in many golf course-associated sediments compared with reference areas; however, concentrations decreased seaward and only a few, primarily chlorinated pesticides, exceeded proposed sediment quality guidelines. Chromium, zinc, and mercury were detected more frequently than other trace metals. The DDT and associated metabolites, dieldrin and chlordane, were the more commonly detected organic contaminants. Acute toxicity was uncommon and occurred consistently for sediment collected from one coastal location. In contrast, chronic toxicity occurred at several study sites based on the response of Mysidopsis bahia. It was concluded that the impact of golf course runoff on sediment quality may be subtle and sensitive biological assessment methods, such as chronic toxicity tests, will be needed to detect adverse effects.

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Pesticides in Golf Course Waters Associated with Golf Course Runoff

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

High-Resolution Historical Record of Plant Protection Product Deposition Documented by Target and Nontarget Trend Analysis in a Swiss Lake under Anthropogenic Pressure

High-Resolution Historical Record of Plant Protection Product Deposition Documented by Target and Nontarget Trend Analysis in a Swiss Lake under Anthropogenic Pressure

Effects of a Coastal Golf Complex on Water Quality, Periphyton, and Seagrass

Sediment chemical contamination and toxicity associated with a coastal golf course complex

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