Pesticides and Herbicides

Mahour, Reza; Khan, Muhammad Faizan; Forbes, Sara F.; Pérez-Estrada, Leónidas A.

doi:10.2175/106143014x14031280668777

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 174 publications

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“…These pesticides originally came into common use as a means of eliminating pests and limiting their adverse effects in agriculture, the household, and various other aspects of life [ 1 , 2 ]. Currently, over 800 active ingredients are used in nearly 3000 commercial products sold worldwide [ 3 , 4 ]. Because of the increasing population and its associated needs, the range of pesticide applications is continually expanding; with this rapid increase in their use, more and more pesticides are entering into the environment through various ways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Determination of Pesticides in Environmental Samples by Capillary Electrophoresis

Chang

Hsieh

Chiu

2016

IJERPH

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Nowadays, owing to the increasing population and the attempts to satisfy its needs, pesticides are widely applied to control the quantity and quality of agricultural products. However, the presence of pesticide residues and their metabolites in environmental samples is hazardous to the health of humans and all other living organisms. Thus, monitoring these compounds is extremely important to ensure that only permitted levels of pesticide are consumed. To this end, fast, reliable, and environmentally friendly methods that can accurately analyze dilute, complex samples containing both parent substances and their metabolites are required. Focusing primarily on research published since 2010, this review summarizes the use of various sample pretreatment techniques to extract pesticides from various matrices, combined with on-line preconcentration strategies for sensitivity improvement, and subsequent capillary electrophoresis analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Determination of Pesticides in Environmental Samples by Capillary Electrophoresis

Chang

Hsieh

Chiu

2016

IJERPH

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“…However, the increased use of OPPs has resulted in persisting residues in environmental matrices. They may leach from soil to the ground water or surface water, which is considered a high risk to the animal and human health . LC and GC have been the most generally used techniques in determination of pesticides due to its high selectivity and sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound‐assisted temperature‐controlled ionic liquid dispersive liquid‐phase microextraction combined with reversed‐phase liquid chromatography for determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water samples

2016

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A rapid and sensitive ultrasound-assisted temperature-controlled ionic liquid (IL) dispersive liquid-phase microextraction (UTILDLPME) combined with reversed-phase liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (RPLC-UV) was developed for the determination of five organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs; azinphos-methyl, chloropyriphos, parathion-methyl, diazinon, and phosalone) in water samples. Parameters including IL type, IL volume, ionic strength, sonication time, heating/cooling temperature, centrifugal time, and speed were investigated. The extraction procedure was induced by the formation of cloudy solution, which was composed of 75 L of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4MIM]PF 6 ) dispersed entirely into 5 mL sample solution with the assistance of ultrasound for 3 min and temperature at 40°C. Under optimal conditions, linearity of the five OPPs was obtained in the range of 0.09-200 ng/mL with correlation coefficients of 0.998 or more. Limits of detection and limits of quantitation ranged from 0.01 to 0.1 ng/mL and from 0.05 to 0.4 ng/mL, respectively. Compared with conventional microextraction techniques, the proposed UTILDLPME exhibited the highest extraction efficiency ranging between 90 and 98% for targeted OPPs. Furthermore, the proposed UTILDLPME/RPLC was successfully applied to different water samples (tap, well, and lake water) showing relative recoveries ranging from 96.9 to 103.2%. Therefore, UTILDLPME/RPLC-UV could be a simple, rapid, sensitive, and efficient routine technique for determination of OPPs in water.

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“…The presence of pesticides in aquatic environments and their unpredictable consequences have stimulated a variety of research in different areas, including the development of technologies for their removal and degradation. 1 These pollutants are introduced into bodies of water by runoff and spray drift, which can affect the quality of water supply and constitute a risk to the health of the population. 2 Agrochemicals comprise a variety of chemicals, with different functionalities.…”

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confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Degradation of a Commercial Formulation of the Insecticide Pyriproxyfen Using Boron-Doped Diamond Anode

Santos¹,

Cruz²,

Magalhães³

et al. 2020

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Pyriproxyfen (PPF) is a juvenile hormone agonist used in agriculture and in combating Aedes aegypti. In this work, for the first time, a study of electrochemical oxidation (EO) of this insecticide is reported, which involved the degradation of a commercial formulation of PPF on boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode. pH conditions influenced the process; after 360 min of electrolysis the COD removals were 88.1% (pH 3.0), 78.9% (pH 5.0), 65.5% (pH 7.0), 76.7% (pH 9.0) and 80.0% (pH 11.0). The increase in applied current density favored the COD removal and the S 2 O 8 2generation. At 20, 40 and 60 mA cm -2 , the COD removal was 88.1%, 90.0% and 91.0% and the S 2 O 8 2production was 0.15, 0.26 and 0.35 mmol l -1 , respectively. The COD removal process occurred via •OH and other oxidants as S 2 O 8 2− and SO 4 -• , and it was more efficient at the lowest current density (20 mA cm -2 ), which removed 88.1% COD with the lowest energy consumption (25.2 kWh m -3 ). Chromatographic (GC-MS and IC) data showed that the EO removed 37% PPF and formed short chain carboxylic acids as final organic by-products. EO with DDB seems to be an appropriate approach to be applied to degrade PPF in contaminated environmental samples.

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Pesticides and Herbicides

Abstract: This is a review of literature published in 2013 related to the presence of pesticides and herbicides in the environment. The review, divided into four sections, includes toxicology, ecology, risk assessment, modelling and treatment strategies.

Cited by 13 publications

References 174 publications

Recent Advances in the Determination of Pesticides in Environmental Samples by Capillary Electrophoresis

Recent Advances in the Determination of Pesticides in Environmental Samples by Capillary Electrophoresis

Ultrasound‐assisted temperature‐controlled ionic liquid dispersive liquid‐phase microextraction combined with reversed‐phase liquid chromatography for determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water samples

Electrochemical Degradation of a Commercial Formulation of the Insecticide Pyriproxyfen Using Boron-Doped Diamond Anode

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