Pesticide Contamination and Human Health Risk Factor

Singh, Ngangbam Sarat; Sharma, Richa; Parween, Talat; Patanjali, P. K.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-64501-8_3

Cited by 92 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The general reliance, by growers, on pesticides to control pests has been generated by their perceived effectivity and by their simplicity of application (Leach et al 2017). While the contribution of synthetic chemical pesticides to yield enhancement is undeniable, their injudicious use has led to adverse effects on non-target organisms (Desneux et al 2007), selected for pest resistance (Bass et al 2015) and polluted environments (Singh et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action threshold development in cabbage pest management using synthetic and botanical insecticides

Shah¹,

Razaq²,

Ali³

et al. 2020

entomologia

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As synthetic insecticides can have environmentally detrimental side effects, it is desirable to limit their use while still achieving good marketable yield. One approach is to apply pesticides only when needed, as determined by an action threshold (AT), defined as the number of pests per crop plant or damage intensity at which application is recommended.Another approach is to adopt alternative pesticides, which can also be applied according to ATs. Here, ATs are developed in cabbage pest management using both approaches against the moths Plutella xylostella (L.), Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and Spodoptera litura (F.) and the aphid Brevicoryne brassicae (L.). Action thresholds were derived using fixed spraying regimes for the synthetic insecticides (imidacloprid and Voliam Flexi) and for azadirachtin, a neem-derived botanical. Botanical insecticide was as effective as synthetics in suppressing pests and protecting yield. For synthetics, derived ATs are 40 individuals per plant for B. brassicae, 0.3 larvae for P. xylostella and 0.2 medium-sized larvae for H. armigera and for S. litura. For H. armigera and S. litura, negative relationships between marketable yield and pest were found when larvae were medium or large sized, but not when larvae were small. Compared to synthetics, benefits of using neem formulations include higher action thresholds against P. xylostella (0.6/plant) and H. armigera (0.4/plant) and an oviposition deterrent effect against S. litura. Although regional limits may apply to the accuracy of any ATs derived, the approach used towards their establishment is simple and transferable to other agricultural regions and crops.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action threshold development in cabbage pest management using synthetic and botanical insecticides

Shah¹,

Razaq²,

Ali³

et al. 2020

entomologia

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“…The intensive use of pesticides at unmanageable rate has led to decontaminate the soil, and agricultural runoffs are being biomagnifying water bodies and increase the toxicity level at each trophic level in food web, i.e., DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) (Plattner et al, 2018; Silva-Barni et al, 2018; Thomas et al, 2008). Besides this, pesticidal compounds also have ill effects on health affecting the function of organs and damage the DNA at molecular level leading to neurological diseases and cancer, i.e., azoxystrobin and atrazine (Fatima et al, 2018; Singh N.S. et al, 2018; Vidart d’Egurbide Bagazgoïtia et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Editing and Systems Biology Tools for Pesticide Bioremediation: A Review

2019

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Bioremediation is the degradation potential of microorganisms to dissimilate the complex chemical compounds from the surrounding environment. The genetics and biochemistry of biodegradation processes in datasets opened the way of systems biology. Systemic biology aid the study of interacting parts involved in the system. The significant keys of system biology are biodegradation network, computational biology, and omics approaches. Biodegradation network consists of all the databases and datasets which aid in assisting the degradation and deterioration potential of microorganisms for bioremediation processes. This review deciphers the bio-degradation network, i.e., the databases and datasets (UM-BBD, PAN, PTID, etc.) aiding in assisting the degradation and deterioration potential of microorganisms for bioremediation processes, computational biology and multi omics approaches like metagenomics, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics for the efficient functional gene mining and their validation for bioremediation experiments. Besides, the present review also describes the gene editing tools like CRISPR Cas, TALEN, and ZFNs which can possibly make design microbe with functional gene of interest for degradation of particular recalcitrant for improved bioremediation.

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“…United States, Brazil and Argentina are the three main crop-producing countries using genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in the world, with over 139 million hectares planted annually in recent years ( Slater and Holtslander, 2015 ). For this type of crop the ever-increasing use of the amount of pesticides generates growing concern among the population and governments in different parts of the world due to the numerous evidence of their negative effects on health ( Aiassa et al., 2009 ; Benítez-Leite et al., 2009 ; Bernardi et al., 2015 ; Gómez-Barroso et al., 2016 ; Guyton et al., 2015 ; Loomis et al., 2015 ; López et al., 2012 ; Mendez et al., 2017 ; Singh et al., 2018 ; Swanson et al., 2014 ; Tsatsakis et al., 2017 ) and the environment ( Aizen et al., 2009 ; Alonso et al., 2018 ; Guida-Johnson and Zuleta, 2013 ; Piquer-Rodríguez et al., 2018 ; Primost et al., 2017 ; Singh et al., 2018 ; Tsatsakis et al., 2017 ; Zaady et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The agro-industrial model, in many instances, takes place very close to densely populated cities, exposing the people who live in these areas to the possible pesticide contamination ( Aiassa et al., 2009 ; Etiennot and Piazza, 2010 ; López et al., 2012 ; Primost et al., 2017 ; Singh et al., 2018 ; Soo-Jeong et al., 2011 ; Trajkovska et al., 2009 ; Vida and Moretto, 2007 ). This exposure occurs because there are multiple pathways of contact with pesticides or their residues: off-target spray drift, volatilization, drag by wind or rain, soil erosion, leaching, runoff and atmospheric drift ( Alonso et al., 2018 ; Deziel Nicole et al., 2015 ; Garcerá et al., 2017 ; Mendez et al., 2017 ; Mugni et al., 2011 ; Primost et al., 2017 ; Singh et al., 2018 ; Zaady et al., 2018 ). In addition, there are numerous factors that should be taken into account to avoid or minimize the pesticides off-target spray drift: the droplet size, nozzle types, spray pressure, formulation adjuvants, wind direction, wind speed, air stability, relative humidity, temperature, the height of released spray relative to the target crop, volumes per area sprayed and fumigation equipment speed ( Felsot et al., 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another phenomenon to consider is the secondary drifts are those that can occur days, weeks or months after pesticide application, exposing the people that live in cities adjacent to the crop fields in the long term ( Alonso et al., 2018 ; Mendez et al., 2017 ; Soo-Jeong et al., 2011 ; Ward et al., 2006 ; Zivan et al., 2016 ). This kind of drift is uncontrollable since it is produced by interaction between the climatic factors and the pesticides applied ( Alonso et al., 2018 ; Coronado et al., 2011 ; Epple et al., 2002 ; Etiennot and Piazza, 2010 ; Peck and Hornbuckle, 2005 ; Singh et al., 2018 ; Soo-Jeong et al., 2011 ; Trajkovska et al., 2009 ; Zivan et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crop proximity index for monitoring of peri-urban land use in agro-industrial crop regions

Agost

Velázquez

2020

Heliyon

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The agro-industrial production of genetically modified organisms uses great amounts of pesticides, close to cities, which generates growing concern due to the numerous evidence of their negative effects on health and the environment. In a context of the lack, or inaccessibility, of official data on crop dynamics and pesticide use, environmental indicators using satellite data are needed for the proper monitoring of peri-urban areas. The objective of this research is to make a crop proximity index using satellite information to assess and monitor peri-urban agro-industrial activity. Twenty cities in Argentina and ten in the United States were selected. The CPI index is designed to evaluate a city and its peri-urban areas as a whole by taking account of the land uses and factors that can potentially influence the proximity to agro-industrial activity to the population living in those cities. Agriculture factor was weighted by proximity or remoteness using perimeter rings from the urban edge. All the necessary data for the calculation of the CPI index were obtained through the classification and processing of Sentinel 2 satellite images with software and the Google Earth Engine platform. The results show a worrying situation, 90% of cities in Argentina and 80% in the United States have a negative CPI. Most of the cities examined are extremely close to extensive areas of crops, that use a high amount of pesticides and which do not have the protection of trees or buffer zones.

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Pesticide Contamination and Human Health Risk Factor

Cited by 92 publications

References 37 publications

Action threshold development in cabbage pest management using synthetic and botanical insecticides

Action threshold development in cabbage pest management using synthetic and botanical insecticides

Gene Editing and Systems Biology Tools for Pesticide Bioremediation: A Review

Crop proximity index for monitoring of peri-urban land use in agro-industrial crop regions

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