Perylene Diimide and Luminol as Potential-Resolved Electrochemiluminescence Nanoprobes for Dual Targets Immunoassay at Low Potential

Abstract

In the field of clinical diagnosis, it is important to construct a potential-resolved multiplex electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor for decreasing the false-positive rate and improving the diagnostic accuracy. However, the shortage of low-potential cathodic luminophores between −1 and 0 V (vs Ag/AgCl) severely limited the development of the biosensor. Herein, we synthesized a novel luminophore N,N-bis-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl)-3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid diimide (PDI), which gave dual emissions at −0.25/–0.26 V with K2S2O8 as a co-reactant in aqueous solution. The ECL was assigned to excited J-type PDI dimers. Then, PDI and luminol were used as luminophores to respectively combine with graphite oxide and gold nanoparticles and form potential-resolved ECL nanoprobes. Also, this potential-resolved ECL nanoprobes were respectively functionalized by secondary antibodies (Ab2) to construct a low-potential sandwiched ECL immunosensor for tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and α-fetoprotein (AFP) simultaneous determination during linear scanning potential range from −0.6 to 0.6 V. The prepared multiplex immunosensor exhibited sensitive ECL response for CEA at −0.6 V due to PDI and that for AFP at 0.6 V due to luminol, and both linear semilogarithmical ranges were from 0.1 pg to 1 ng mL–1. In addition, PDI with dual ECL peaks showed enticing prospect of built-in self-calibration for a precise quantitative and bioimaging analysis.

Recent progress in carbon-based materials for supercapacitor electrodes: a review

“…So far, a series of research on cellulose-derived CNFs as electrode materials have been reported. These CNFs were obtained by electrospinning technology and owned a specific capacitance in a range of 150-280 F g -1 in aqueous electrolyte [72][73][74][75][76][77]. Also, Han et al [78] used cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) to develop a nanofiber composite by combining electrospinning technology and in situ polymerization.…”

Fluorescein-bridged Perylene Bisimide Dimer for Use as Liquid Crystal: Studies on Mesomorphic and Fluorescence Properties

“…Boasting the natural virtues of fascinating photophysical properties (e.g., longer excitation wavelength, high uorescence quantum yield, long uorescence lifetime, and the stability to light and thermalexposure), perylene bisimide (PBI) is a recurring and overwhelming motif in various elds of solar photovoltaics [1][2][3][4], organic electronic devices [5,6], photoelectrocatalysis [7], photoisomerization [8], nearinfrared photothermal conversion [9], phosphorescence [10], moisture detection [11], bioimaging [12,13], theranostics [14,15], and biosensing/bioassay [16]. Additionally, the self-assembled π-π interaction of perylene core plays a decisive role in its functional characteristic and renders it possible to develop various supramolecular species involving host-guest recognition [17,18], gelator [19][20][21], LCs [22], and so on.…”

Concepts and principles of self-n-doping in perylene diimide chromophores for applications in biochemistry, energy harvesting, energy storage, and catalysis

“…Perhaps surprisingly, PDIs functionalized with amines have also been reported in a number of these roles, dispelling the notion that a PDIs must contain an ammonium salt to serve any functional role in these environments. [143][144][145][146][147] N-PDIs are even amenable to the homochiral nature of biological environments. It has been shown that N-PDIs are capable of chiral self-assembly to form various structures such as supramolecular helices, and can further be used as biologicallybased chiral sensors.…”