Perturbations of Global Wave Dynamics During Stratospheric Warming Events of the Solar Cycle 24

Abstract

<p>The paper presents analysis and interpretation of observed perturbations of global wave dynamics in the Ionosphere-Thermosphere-Mesosphere (ITM) during the recent mid-winter Arctic Sudden Stratospheric Warming (SSW) events under solar minimum (2009, 2010, 2018, and 2019), transition to solar maximum (2012) and solar maximum (2013) conditions of the Solar Cycle 24. Employing the 116-level configuration of the thermosphere extension of Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCMX-116L), constrained by the meteorological troposphere-stratosphere analyses of Goddard Earth Observing System, version 5 (GEOS-5) of Global Modeling and Data Assimilation Office, we study and characterize the striking amplifications of the solar thermal semidiurnal tide, as one of the main drivers of the ITM variability, after onsets of major and minor SSW events. The dominance and growth of the semidiurnal tide over the diurnal and terdiurnal modes in the lower thermosphere above ~100 km are typical features of the tidal dynamics during major SSW events of the Solar Cycle 24 as suggested by model predictions. The growth of the semidiurnal tidal mode during SSW events is also supported by observational analysis of diurnal cycles from temperature space-borne observations (SABER/TIMED). In the vertical domain of the meteor radar observations at the Southern extra-tropics and low latitudes the model and data revealed the systematic presence of the strong quasi two-day wave wind oscillations that prevail over the tidal winds between 80 and 100 km during mid-January SSW events. In the high and middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere model simulations are capable to reproduce the day-to-day variability of tidal and PW oscillations deduced from satellite temperature data. The self-consistent whole atmosphere predictions of global-scale components of neutral dynamics (prevailing winds, planetary waves and tides) become important factor to reproduce and forecast the perturbed state of the ITM as observed from the ground and the space during SSW events of the Solar Cycle 24. The SSW-driven global perturbations of tides can significantly change diurnal cycles of the plasma in the low-latitude and extra-tropical E-region of the ionosphere as will be briefly illustrated by day-day variations of observed and simulated total electron content and plasma drifts.</p>

New Routine NLTE15μmCool-E v1.0 for Calculating the non-LTE CO2 15 μm Cooling in GCMs of Earth’s atmosphere

“…For these tests, we used the temperature/pressure distributions affected by the diurnal tides at the equator. p, T and the atmospheric constituent densities as well as local zenith angles for local times at 1.0 • N and 12.0 • E (March 15, 2019) corresponds to the WACCM-X (Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model extended in the thermosphere and ionosphere) equatorial simulations constrained by meteorological analyses of the NASA Goddard Earth Observing System version 5 (GEOS-5) below the stratopause, as discussed in Yudin et al (2020Yudin et al ( , 2022. The temperature distributions at various local times are shown in panel (a).…”

Temperature Fusion of TIMED/SABER Data and COSMIC Data in Stratosphere

“…The temperature deviation between the two data sets of data varied with altitude, season, and latitude. At present, the assimilation of satellite observation data in the stratosphere has been conducted in few studies (Healy & Thépaut, 2006; Hoppel et al., 2008; Yudin et al., 2012). Xie et al.…”

“…The temperature deviation between the two data sets of data varied with altitude, season, and latitude. At present, the assimilation of satellite observation data in the stratosphere has been conducted in few studies (Healy & Thépaut, 2006;Hoppel et al, 2008;Yudin et al, 2012). Xie et al (2017) used the method of three-dimensional variational data assimilation to assimilate stratospheric and mesospheric temperature data from the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model prediction model and the SABER instruments.…”