Perturbation of the carbon cycle during the late Pliensbachian – early Toarcian: New insight from high-resolution carbon isotope records in Morocco

Bodin, Stéphane; Krencker, François-Nicolas; Kothe, Tim; Hoffmann, René; Mattioli, Emanuela; Heimhofer, Ulrich; Kabiri, Lahcen

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2015.12.018

Cited by 95 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Figures 2 and 3 detail the chronostratigraphic relationships between the different zonations covering the Pliensbachian -Toarcian transition. Scarcity of ammonite in the Ouchbis Formation did not allow the ammonite zones in the late Pliensbachian to be precisely bounded. The FO of nannofossil Lotharingius sigillatus, defining the base of the NJ5b nannofossil zone, is recorded at 52.4 m (Bodin et al 2016). Nonetheless, the first sample analysed for nannofossil assemblages below 52.4-m level is located at 36 m, implying that the uncertainty of the location of the FO of L. sigillatus is at least 16.4 m. The Pliensbachian -Toarcian boundary is marked by the massive appearance of ammonite Dactylioceras sp., in the last three beds of the Ouchbis Formation.…”

Section: Lithology and Biostratigraphy Of The Foum Tillicht Sectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The Ouchbis Formation is followed by the Tagoudite Formation (Fig. 1), a fine-grained clayey carbonate sequence showing, in its medium and upper part, numerous intercalations of fine-to-medium grained siliciclastic beds, interpreted as turbidite deposits (Bodin et al 2016). The integration of biostratigraphic data from European basins led to the definition of three standard ammonite zonations (Subboreal, Tethyan and Mediteranean) and two standard calcareous nannofossil zonations for northwestern Europe and western Mediterranean countries (Cariou and Hantzpergue 1997, Bown and Cooper 1998, Mattioli and Erba 1999, Page 2003, Bilotta et al 2010, Gradstein et al 2012, Mattioli et al 2013, Fraguas et al 2015.…”

Section: Lithology and Biostratigraphy Of The Foum Tillicht Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The integration of biostratigraphic data from European basins led to the definition of three standard ammonite zonations (Subboreal, Tethyan and Mediteranean) and two standard calcareous nannofossil zonations for northwestern Europe and western Mediterranean countries (Cariou and Hantzpergue 1997, Bown and Cooper 1998, Mattioli and Erba 1999, Page 2003, Bilotta et al 2010, Gradstein et al 2012, Mattioli et al 2013, Fraguas et al 2015. The ammonite zonation of the Foum Tillicht section is based on the Mediterranean zonation, while the calcareous nanno-fossil zonation is based on the Tethyan zonation (Bodin et al 2016). Figures 2 and 3 detail the chronostratigraphic relationships between the different zonations covering the Pliensbachian -Toarcian transition. Scarcity of ammonite in the Ouchbis Formation did not allow the ammonite zones in the late Pliensbachian to be precisely bounded.…”

Section: Lithology and Biostratigraphy Of The Foum Tillicht Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Central High Atlas Basin of Morocco has experienced high tectonic subsidence in the Triassic, renewed at a moderate rate during the Early Jurassic (Frizon de Lamotte et al 2008). As a result, during the Pliensbachian -Toarcian, expanded sections were deposited in hemipelagic environments (Bodin et al 2011(Bodin et al , 2016. These sections are much expanded compared to the European sections reported at the Pliensbachian -Toarcian transition, which is expected to limit the occurrence of condensation or hiati.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Orbital chronology of the Pliensbachian – Toarcian transition from the Central High Atlas Basin (Morocco)

Martínez¹,

Krencker²,

Mattioli³

et al. 2017

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The Pliensbachian-Toarcian transition has been studied in depth for the major environmental changes and the marine invertebrate biodiversity crisis observed at that time. Despite a large number of studies performed, the time frames provided for this interval show large discrepancies from author to author. Major environmental changes occurring at that time impacted the sedimentation pattern and sedimentation rates, making uncertain the construction of time scales. Here, we provide a new astrochronological framework based on an expanded hemipelagic section from the Central High Atlas Basin (Morocco). δ 13 C and CaCO 3 measurements performed on the studied section allowed the construction of an orbital time scale based on the 405-kyr eccentricity and the obliquity cycles. This orbital time scale is then compared to the Peniche section (GSSP of the Toarcian Stage) in order to limit the effects of eventual condensation and erosion events on the construction of the orbital time scale. The duration of the early Toarcian Polymorphum Zone is then assessed at 0.9-1.0 myr, while the interval from the base of the Toarcian Stage to the FO of C. superbus is assessed at 0.51 myr. This long duration of the Polymorphum Zone highlights the fact that numerous sections in Europe are affected by long-term condensation and hiati around the Pliensbachian-Toarcian transition. Finally, we also explore the potential of the Central High Atlas basin to provide a refined time scale for the late Pliensbachian. Preliminary data lead to a duration assessment of the NJ5b calcareous nannofossil zone of at least 2.07 myr, and to a mean duration of the Emaciatum ammonite zone of 2.05 myr. These durations are ~1 myr longer than the durations proposed in the Geological Time Scale 2012, which illustrates the potential of the Central High Atlas Basin for calibrating the Pliensbachian times.

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Section: Lithology and Biostratigraphy Of The Foum Tillicht Sectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Lithology and Biostratigraphy Of The Foum Tillicht Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lithology and Biostratigraphy Of The Foum Tillicht Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Orbital chronology of the Pliensbachian – Toarcian transition from the Central High Atlas Basin (Morocco)

Martínez¹,

Krencker²,

Mattioli³

et al. 2017

nos

Self Cite

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“…Nonetheless, even if local processes can modulate the shape and magnitude of the carbon‐isotope profiles (e.g. Trabucho‐Alexandre, ; Them et al ., ), the global occurrence of the carbon cycle perturbation is now well‐recognized by the presence of the negative CIE in widely distributed palaeogeographic sites, in marine carbonate carbon, marine and terrestrial organic carbon and specific organic compounds (Hesselbo et al ., ; Kemp et al ., ; Van Breugel et al ., ; Hermoso et al ., , ; Caruthers et al ., ; Gröcke et al ., ; Hesselbo & Pienkowski, ; Suan et al ., , ; French et al ., ; Kemp & Izumi, ; Al‐Suwaidi et al ., ; Bodin et al ., ; Them et al ., ; Xu et al ., ). The negative CIE is commonly attributed to the massive release of isotopically light carbon to the exogenic reservoirs, related to any one or a combination of the following processes: (i) CO 2 degassing during the formation of the Karoo–Ferrar large igneous province (LIP) (Duncan et al ., ; Pálfy & Smith, ); (ii) thermogenic methane (CH 4 ) release related to sill emplacement in the Karoo–Ferrar province (McElwain et al ., ; Svensen et al ., ); (iii) destabilization of CH 4 hydrates from marine sediments (Hesselbo et al ., ), modulated by orbital forcing (Kemp et al ., , ); and (iv) release of CH 4 from terrestrial environments (Pienkowski et al ., ; Them et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event: New insights from a Swiss transect

et al. 2018

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A sedimentological, biostratigraphical and geochemical (stable isotopes and Rock‐Eval parameters) analysis was performed on four Swiss successions, in order to examine the expression of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event along a north–south transect, from the Jura through the Alpine Tethys (Sub‐Briançonnais and Lombardian basins). The locations were selected to represent a range of palaeoceanographic positions from an epicontinental sea to a more open marine setting. The Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event was recognized by the presence of the characteristic negative carbon‐isotope excursion in carbonate (ca 2 to 4‰) and organic matter (ca 4 to 5‰) at the base of the falciferum ammonite Zone (NJT6 nannofossil Zone). The sedimentary expression of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event varies along the transect from laminated mudstone rich in total organic carbon (≤11 wt.%) in the Jura, to thin‐bedded marl (≤5 wt.% total organic carbon) in the Sub‐Briançonnais Basin and to hemipelagic reddish marly limestone (total organic carbon <0·05 wt.%) in equivalent levels from the Lombardian Basin. The carbon‐isotope excursion is thus independent of facies and palaeoceanographic position. The low nannofossil abundance and the peak in Calyculaceae in the Jura and the Sub‐Briançonnais Basin indicate low salinity surface waters and stratified water masses in general. Sedimentological observations (for example, obliquely‐bedded laminae and homogeneous mud layers containing rip‐up clasts) indicate the presence of dynamic conditions, suggesting that water mass stratification was episodically disrupted during the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event. The proposed correlation highlights a stratigraphic gap and/or condensed interval between the Pliensbachian–Toarcian boundary and the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event interval (most of the tenuicostatum ammonite Zone is missing), which is also observed in coeval European sections and points to the influence of sea‐level change and current dynamics. This transect shows that the sedimentary expression of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event is not uniform across the Alpine Tethys, supporting the importance of local conditions in determining how this event is recorded across different palaeoceanographic settings.

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Microfacies and stable isotope features of the Lower–Middle Jurassic carbonate rocks of Western Saharan Atlas (Aïn Ouarka area, Algeria)

2021

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The Jurassic Lower Carbonate Group in the Aïn Ouarka area of Western Saharan Atlas, Algeria, is represented by six formations, from base to top: Hettangian Chemarikh Dolostone, Early Sinemurian–Pliensbachian Aïn Ouarka Limestone, Toarcian Aïn Rhezala Limestone, Aalenian–Late Bajocian Raknet El Kahla Limestone Breccia, Late Bajocian Theniet El Klakh, and Late Bajocian–Bathonian Tifkirt Limestone formations. From the microfacies analysis, six microfacies types (MF1–MF6) have been recognized and grouped into three associations developed during a transgressive–regressive cycle: (a) inner ramp facies association; (b) middle ramp facies association; and (c) outer ramp facies association. The mineralogical analysis of the carbonate rocks reveals that they contain mostly low‐Mg calcite associated with ankerite, pyrite, and other detrital minerals such as quartz, chlorite, illite, feldspar (albite), and a few clay minerals. These minerals could be related to the deep fluid and hydrocarbon circulations during deposition. The isotopic data display a variation of δ13C isotopic values between −5.14‰ and +2.21‰ (VPDB) and between −8.12‰ and −4.95‰ for δ18O values (VPDB). The set of δ13C values is similar to the signature of marine dissolved inorganic carbon. First of all, the positive values of δ13C show that the origin of carbon is not from the organic‐rich zone (microbial zone), but probably derived from pore‐water and/or biogenic carbonate precursors. On the other hand, the negative values of δ13C indicate that the carbon may result from organic sources linked to the sulphate reduction bacteria activity, or by a heightened volcanic and/or hydrothermal activities releasing light carbon (12C). The negative δ18O values are not consistent with marine water ambient temperature, but with a possible influence of diagenesis or increasing of temperature by hydrothermal water. This hydrothermal activity is controlled by synsedimentary faults during the Early Jurassic and related to a late pulse of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) volcanism and by regional volcanism during the Middle Jurassic (Bajocian–Bathonian).

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Perturbation of the carbon cycle during the late Pliensbachian – early Toarcian: New insight from high-resolution carbon isotope records in Morocco

Cited by 95 publications

References 74 publications

Orbital chronology of the Pliensbachian – Toarcian transition from the Central High Atlas Basin (Morocco)

Orbital chronology of the Pliensbachian – Toarcian transition from the Central High Atlas Basin (Morocco)

Expression of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event: New insights from a Swiss transect

Microfacies and stable isotope features of the Lower–Middle Jurassic carbonate rocks of Western Saharan Atlas (Aïn Ouarka area, Algeria)

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