Perturbation of liver function markers and serum electrolytes associated with Echinococcus granulosus infection in sheep

Abstract

Histopathological alterations in the liver of intermediated hosts infected with Echinococcus granulosus parasite can be occurred by necrotic expansion as a result of an increase in growth of the parasite larva stage (metacestode), which may cause perturbation in production of liver function markers. Thus, this study aims to determinate the liver biochemical profile and some serum electrolytes of E. granulosus-infected sheep at different hydatid cyst infection ratios (IRs). fifty livers from naturally E. granulosusinfected sheep with five livers from uninfected-sheep as a control group were enrolled in this study. Cardiac blood samples under sterilized conditions were gently collected and isolated sera were biochemically assayed for determination of liver function markers including; Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP), as well as the level of some serum electrolytes including Ca, K, Na and Cl using fully automatic biochemical analyzer, FUJI-Film. The current data indicated a progressive increase in the level of AST, ALT, ALP, Ca and K. The level of ALB and TP were gradually declined with a rise of liver infection ratio with hydatid cysts. In conclusion, the current findings indicated perturbation of liver function markers and the level of some serum electrolytes, mainly Ca and K in E. granulosus-infected sheep based on the infection ratio of liver. Additionally, acute and chronic infection of E. granulosus parasites in sheep can be determined based on the level of liver function markers in serum.

Effect of lice Linognathus Vituli on the effectiveness of liver enzymes for sheep in Salah al-Din province

“…The results showed that the mean ± standard deviation of ALP enzyme activity level was (6.48 ± 116.54) IU/L in the blood serum of uninfected sheep, while it was (6.42 ± 54.20) IU/L in the blood serum of sheep infected with lice. The activity of ALT enzyme was significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the serum of infected sheep compared to the blood of uninfected sheep, as shown in Table . The current results agree with (Ali & Jihad, 2022) in studying the disturbance of liver function indicators and serum electrolytes associated with E. granulosus infection in sheep with the current study, and also agree with the results of (Gwaze et al, 2012)) in his diagnostic and biochemical study of infected sheep. The decrease in the level of ALP may be due to a decrease in the use of protein in the liver, which affects the decrease in the production of enzymes, causing a decrease in their concentrations in the blood, or the activity of ALP enzyme decreases in the serum in cases of hepatitis, which reflects the deficit in the ability of liver cells to manufacture the enzyme ( Carl et al, 2013).…”

“…The results showed that the mean ± standard deviation of the activity level of ALT was (4.15 ± 27.45) IU/L in the blood serum of sheep infected with lice, while it was (1.39 ± 11.93) IU/L in the serum of uninfected sheep. The activity of ALT enzyme was significantly increased (P<0.05) in the serum of infected sheep compared to the blood of uninfected sheep, as shown in Table . The current results agree with (Ali & Jihad, 2022) in studying the disturbance of liver function indicators and serum electrolytes associated with E. granulosus infection in sheep, as well as in the study of (Chernushkin et al , 2020) which showed an increase in the level of ALT enzyme. The enzyme AST.…”

Rapid and accurate screening of cystic echinococcosis in sheep based on serum Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy combined with machine learning algorithms

“…The decreased total protein level was thought to be caused by altered hepatic protein synthesis [50]. Furthermore, studies have reported that after E. granulosus s.s.‐ infected sheep, the levels of some amino acid metabolic enzymes in the serum were significantly increased, indicating that liver function was significantly impaired, affecting the normal amino acid and protein molecular metabolic process in the serum [51], which causes a change in the trace composition of the sheep's blood. Additionally, it has been reported that biochemical changes in the blood were used to diagnose many disorders, important changes can occur in the serum biochemistry of sheep during parasitic infections, these infections were held responsible for hypoproteinemia and reduced levels of trace elements due mainly to malabsorption and increase in liver enzymes due to resulting hepatic injury [52].…”

Effects of organic trace minerals chelated with oligosaccharides on growth performance, blood parameters, slaughter performance and meat quality in sheep

“…On the other hand, ALB in sheep blood is correlated significantly and positively with TP ( 51 ). It is a marker of liver function, and higher values of ALB imply improved liver function ( 52 ). The liver plays a vital role in the digestion of nutrients, which might explain the improved feed efficiency of the OTM group.…”