Pertinent factors influencing comparative skin tests on the arm

Bowman, Katherine L.

doi:10.1016/s0021-8707(35)90034-x

Cited by 39 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In each table, the corrected TIC ratios are also shown for the appropriate time periods. The corrected T/C ratio takes into account any possible positional effects similar to those that have been described by others (17,18). Since the mean T/C ratio of IMREG-1 plus antigen divided by the mean T/C ratio of placebo plus antigen at the same dilution (and position on the forearm) is considerably more than 1.00, the effect of the drug at any concentration cannot be attributed to an area of the forearm having an intrinsically higher response than that to antigen alone.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

A Novel Methodology for Quantitating the Enhancement of Cutaneous Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity by IMREG-1: A Measure of the Immunopotentiation of Cell-Mediated Immunity

Sizemore

Kern²,

Gottlieb³

et al. 1995

Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

A Novel Methodology for Quantitating the Enhancement of Cutaneous Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity by IMREG-1: A Measure of the Immunopotentiation of Cell-Mediated Immunity

Sizemore

Kern²,

Gottlieb³

et al. 1995

Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology

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“…Numerous factors can influence the reactivity of the skin to skin testing with various reagents such as histamine, opiates or allergens. These include the site of the body [3,4] age [5] sex [6,7], race [8], ingestion of Correspondence; Dr D. Kalogeromitros, Allergy Section, A. Sygros Hospital, 5 lonos Dragoumi Str, Athens 16 121. Greece.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the menstrual cycle on skin‐prick test reactions to histamine, morphine and allergen

Kalogeromitros

Κατσαρού

Armenaka

et al. 1995

Clin Experimental Allergy

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The purpose of this study was to examine the possible influence of the phases of the menstrual cycle on dermal reactivity to skin-prick testing. We studied 15 atopic, menstruating women with seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis and/or asthma, with known sensitivity to olive and parietaria (mean age 25.2 years) and 15 non-atopic, healthy, female controls (mean age 24.7 years). Skin-prick tests with histamine, morphine, and in the atopic group with parietaria/and/or olive, were repeated three times during the same menstrual cycle, corresponding to bleeding (day 1-4), midcycle (day 12-16) and the late progesterone phase (day 24-28). None of the patients had received oral antihistamines or exogenous hormones for at least 1 month prior to testing. Results indicate a significant increase in weal-and-flare size to histamine, morphine, and parietaria on days 12-16 of the cycle, corresponding to ovulation and peak oestrogen levels. This was observed in both atopic and non-atopic women. Differences in skin reactivity to histamine and morphine between the groups were not significant. Therefore, in women, the phase of the menstrual cycle is another factor that may influence skin-test results.

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“…In their study, Swain and Becker (10) conducted intradermal testing utilizing similar doses of histamine and observed a significant increase in wheal sizes in proximity to the elbow compared with the wrist. Several other studies have demonstrated differences in skin sensitivity to allergens on the arm, exhibiting a similar pattern with the cubital fossa being more reactive than the sites near the wrist (12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Evaluation of skin prick location on the forearm using a novel skin prick automated test device

Seys,

Gorris,

Uyttebroek

et al. 2023

Front. Allergy

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BackgroundThe skin prick test (SPT) is the gold standard for identifying allergic sensitization in individuals suspected of having an inhalant allergy. Recently, it was demonstrated that SPT using a novel skin prick automated test (SPAT) device showed increased reproducibility and tolerability compared to the conventional SPT, among other benefits.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate prick location bias using the novel SPAT device.MethodsA total of 118 volunteers were enrolled in this study and underwent SPATs with histamine (nine pricks) and glycerol control (one prick) solutions on the volar side of their forearms. Imaging of the skin reactions was performed using the SPAT device, and the physician determined the longest wheal diameter by visually inspecting the images using a web interface. Prick location bias was assessed along the medial vs. lateral and proximal vs. distal axes of the forearm.ResultsIn total, 944 histamine pricks were analyzed. Four medial and four lateral histamine pricks were grouped, and wheal sizes were compared. The longest wheal diameters were not significantly different between the medial and lateral prick locations (p = 0.41). Furthermore, the pricks were grouped by two based on their position on the proximal–distal axis of the forearm. No significant difference was observed among the four groups of analyzed prick locations (p = 0.73).ConclusionThe prick location on the volar side of the forearm did not influence wheal size in SPAT-pricked individuals.

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Pertinent factors influencing comparative skin tests on the arm

Cited by 39 publications

References 3 publications

A Novel Methodology for Quantitating the Enhancement of Cutaneous Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity by IMREG-1: A Measure of the Immunopotentiation of Cell-Mediated Immunity

A Novel Methodology for Quantitating the Enhancement of Cutaneous Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity by IMREG-1: A Measure of the Immunopotentiation of Cell-Mediated Immunity

Influence of the menstrual cycle on skin‐prick test reactions to histamine, morphine and allergen

Evaluation of skin prick location on the forearm using a novel skin prick automated test device

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