Pertambahan Biomassa dan Produksi Minyak Atsiri Tanaman Selasih (Ocimum basilicum L.) pada Usia Panen yang Berbeda

Abstract

Selasih (Ocimum basilicum L.) memiliki kandungan minyak atsiri yang dapat digunakan dalam industri kosmetik, parfum, dan medis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan usia panen dengan biomassa dan produksi minyak atsiri pada organ daun serta batang selasih. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial, dengan faktor pertama usia panen (1; 1,5; dan 2 bulan), dan faktor kedua organ tanaman (daun dan batang). Media tanam menggunakan tanah dan kompos (1:1) yang dimasukkan dalam polibag ukuran 30cm x 30cm, dan diberi naungan paranet 25%. Parameter yang diamati: data pertumbuhan (tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan cabang primer), biomassa, dan produksi minyak atsiri. Analisis data menggunakan Anaylysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan Duncan's Multiple Range Test(DMRT) pada taraf kepercayaan 95 %. Penelitian menunjukkan hasil bahwa tanaman yang dipanen pada umur lebih tua menunjukkan pertumbuhan, biomassa dan produksi minyak atsiri yang lebih tinggi. Pada usia 1,5 bulan, biomassa meningkat 114,485% dibanding usia 1 bulan, sedangkan pada usia 2 bulan, peningkatan biomasa 91,410% dibanding usia1,5 bulan. Produksi minyak atsiri tertinggi dihasilkan oleh organ daun pada usia panen 2 bulan sebesar 0,273g, dan 0,023g pada organ batang. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa usia panen berbeda berpengaruh nyata terhadap biomassa dan produksi minyak atsiri tanaman selasih. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) contains essential oils that can be used in the cosmetic, perfume, medical industries. This study aims to determine the relationship between harvest age and biomass and essential oil production in basil leaves and stems. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with a factorial pattern, with the first factor being harvest age (1; 1.5; and 2 months), and the second factor being plant organs (leaves and stems). The planting medium used soil and compost (1:1) which was put in 30cm x 30cm polybags and was given a 25% para net shade. Parameters observed: growth data (plant height, number of leaves, and primary branches), biomass, and essential oil production. Data analysis used Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 95% confidence level. Research shows that plants harvested at an older age show higher growth, biomass, and essential oil production. At the age of 1.5 months, biomass increased by 114.485% compared to the age of 1 month, while at the age of 2 months, the increase in biomass was 91.410% compared to the age of 1.5 months. The highest essential oil production was produced by leaf organs at 2 months of harvesting at 0.273g, and 0.023g in stem organs. The conclusion of this study showed that different harvest ages had a significant effect on the biomass and essential oil production of basil plants.

Promoting smart agroforestry of sengon-based arrowroot and cardamom to support food security

“…Previously, all fresh materials were weighed. Then, they are dried at 65-85 o C for 48 hours until the weight remains constant [17]. Then, it is weighed with a digital scale (accuracy of 2 decimal places in grams).…”