Perspectives on Fred Sanders’ Research on Cold Fronts

Schultz, David M.

doi:10.1007/978-0-933876-68-2_5

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…A cold front is the warm edge of a transition zone where an advancing cold air mass replaces a warm air mass (e.g. Sanders, 1955; Schultz, 2005, 2008, and references therein). Cold fronts generally move from northwest to southeast.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New aerosol particle formation in different synoptic situations at Hyytiälä, Southern Finland

Sogacheva

Saukkonen

Nilsson

et al. 2008

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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A B S T R A C TWe examine the meteorological conditions favourable for new particle formation as a contribution to clarifying the responsible processes. Synoptic weather maps and satellite images over Southern Finland for [2003][2004][2005] were examined, focusing mainly on air mass types, atmospheric frontal passages, and cloudiness. Arctic air masses are most favourable for new aerosol particle formation in the boreal forest. New particle formation tends to occur on days after passage of a cold front and on days without frontal passages. Cloudiness, often associated with frontal passages, decreases the amount of solar radiation, reducing the growth of new particles. When cloud cover exceeds 3-4 octas, particle formation proceeds at a slower rate or does not occur at all. During 2003During -2005, the conditions that favour particle formation at Hyytiälä (Arctic air mass, post-cold-frontal passage or no frontal passage and cloudiness less than 3-4 octas) occur on 198 d. On 105 (57%) of those days, new particle formation occurred, indicating that these meteorological conditions alone can favour, but are not sufficient for, new particle formation and growth. In contrast, 53 d (28%) were classified as undefined days; 30 d (15%) were non-event days, where no evidence of increasing particle concentration and growth has been noticed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New aerosol particle formation in different synoptic situations at Hyytiälä, Southern Finland

Sogacheva

Saukkonen

Nilsson

et al. 2008

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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“…Yet, previous observational research has shown that frontal structures may differ from these iconic images. For example, wind shifts may precede the temperature gradient and wind shift associated with the front (Miles, 1962; Schultz et al , 1997; Hutchinson and Bluestein, 1998; Sanders, 1999a, 1999b; Schultz, 2004, 2005, 2008; Schultz and Roebber, 2008) and cold fronts may tilt forward with height (Parker, 1999; Schultz and Steenburgh, 1999; Stoelinga et al , 2002). In addition, Bergeron (1937) proposed that cold fronts could be manifest either as rearward‐sloping anafronts or forward‐sloping katafronts, concepts further developed by Miles (1962), Browning and Monk (1982), and Browning (1986, 1990, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classifying fronts in data from a VHF wind-profiling radar

Lawson

Vaughan

Schultz

2011

Atmosph. Sci. Lett.

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Many fronts over the UK do not fit the traditional conceptual model of a single maximum of vertical shear of the horizontal wind sloped over the cold air. A 2-year climatology of 296 cold, warm, and occluded fronts from a mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere radar near Aberystwyth, Wales, reveals that 74% of warm fronts were associated with multiple linear bands representing maxima of vertical wind shear, radar return signal power, or both. In contrast, 51% of cold fronts lacked any such maxima. Similarly, the warm frontal segments of occluded fronts exhibited more banding than the cold frontal segments.

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“…This warm front displays multiple power and shear bands, similar to many of the other warm fronts in this dataset. Therefore, this case shows the complexity of the wind field near fronts (Röttger, ; Schultz and Steenburgh, ; Schultz, , ; Antonescu et al ., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(, their Figure ). Given the strong dependence of power on static stability, that warm fronts are more likely to be associated with bands makes sense because cold‐frontal zones tend to be less statically stable (Schultz, ; Schultz and Roebber, ; Schultz and Vaughan, , p. 454).…”

Section: Bands In Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fronts are sloping boundaries between warm and cold air masses in the troposphere. Although the classic depiction of a front in conceptual models is a single region of sloping wind shear (Bjerknes, ), sometimes observed fronts have multiple regions of wind shear (Röttger, ; Browning et al ., ; Schultz and Steenburgh, ; Browning, ; Schultz, , ; Antonescu et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple bands near fronts in VHF wind‐profiling radar and radiosonde data

Lawson

Schultz

Vaughan

et al. 2013

Atmospheric Science Letters

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Fronts passing over the Mesosphere-Stratosphere-Troposphere radar near Aberystwyth, Wales, UK, possessed multiple bands in returned power and vertical shear of the horizontal wind. Warm fronts tended to have more bands than cold fronts. Of 82 bands in power with an associated band in the radiosonde data, 45% were associated with a decrease in specific humidity and an increase in stability (drying stable bands) and 21% were associated with an increase in humidity and a decrease in stability (moistening unstable bands). The radar detects airstream boundaries near fronts, some of which are not part of the front.

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Perspectives on Fred Sanders’ Research on Cold Fronts

Cited by 5 publications

References 132 publications

New aerosol particle formation in different synoptic situations at Hyytiälä, Southern Finland

New aerosol particle formation in different synoptic situations at Hyytiälä, Southern Finland

Classifying fronts in data from a VHF wind-profiling radar

Multiple bands near fronts in VHF wind‐profiling radar and radiosonde data

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