Perspectives on domestication research for sustainable seaweed aquaculture

Valéro, Myriam; Guillemin, Marie‐Laure; Destombe, Christophe; Jacquemin, Bertrand; Gachon, Claire M. M.; Badis, Yacine; Buschmann, Alejandro H.; Camus, Carolina; Faugeron, Sylvain

doi:10.1127/pip/2017/0066

Cited by 83 publications

(130 citation statements)

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“…The farmers also actively outcross their stock by mixing female and male gametophytes obtained from different individuals, thus minimizing inbreeding. Although selection through domestication has been documented in the native range of U. pinnatifida (Valero et al., 2017), we have no evidence of an effect of the farming practices in the study non‐native range. We found only one outlier locus specific to the two farms sampled in 2015.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Therefore, the selective pressures operating in these artificial habitats are likely very different compared with the nearby natural habitats. Similar to that, cultivated NIS undergo artificial selection, even unintentional, for traits such as increased growth rate or biomass (Valero et al., 2017), which may have substantial impacts on life‐history traits and genetic diversity, as shown in the red alga Gracillaria chilensis (Guillemin et al., 2008). However, recurrent propagule pressure from these artificial habitats and/or human‐controlled populations may impede the evolution towards local adaptation in wild habitats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population genomics of the introduced and cultivated Pacific kelp Undaria pinnatifida: Marinas—not farms—drive regional connectivity and establishment in natural rocky reefs

Guzinski

Ballenghien

Daguin‐Thiébaut

et al. 2018

Evolutionary Applications

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Ports and farms are well‐known primary introduction hot spots for marine non‐indigenous species (NIS). The extent to which these anthropogenic habitats are sustainable sources of propagules and influence the evolution of NIS in natural habitats was examined in the edible seaweed Undaria pinnatifida, native to Asia and introduced to Europe in the 1970s. Following its deliberate introduction 40 years ago along the French coast of the English Channel, this kelp is now found in three contrasting habitat types: farms, marinas and natural rocky reefs. In the light of the continuous spread of this NIS, it is imperative to better understand the processes behind its sustainable establishment in the wild. In addition, developing effective management plans to curtail the spread of U. pinnatifida requires determining how the three types of populations interact with one another. In addition to an analysis using microsatellite markers, we developed, for the first time in a kelp, a ddRAD‐sequencing technique to genotype 738 individuals sampled in 11 rocky reefs, 12 marinas, and two farms located along ca. 1,000 km of coastline. As expected, the RAD‐seq panel showed more power than the microsatellite panel for identifying fine‐grained patterns. However, both panels demonstrated habitat‐specific properties of the study populations. In particular, farms displayed very low genetic diversity and no inbreeding conversely to populations in marinas and natural rocky reefs. In addition, strong, but chaotic regional genetic structure, was revealed, consistent with human‐mediated dispersal (e.g., leisure boating). We also uncovered a tight relationship between populations in rocky reefs and those in nearby marinas, but not with nearby farms, suggesting spillover from marinas into the wild. At last, a temporal survey spanning 20 generations showed that wild populations are now self‐sustaining, albeit there was no evidence for local adaptation to any of the three habitats. These findings highlight that limiting the spread of U. pinnatifida requires efficient management policies that also target marinas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population genomics of the introduced and cultivated Pacific kelp Undaria pinnatifida: Marinas—not farms—drive regional connectivity and establishment in natural rocky reefs

Guzinski

Ballenghien

Daguin‐Thiébaut

et al. 2018

Evolutionary Applications

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“…For red seaweeds, such as Kappaphycus or Gracilaria , potential adaptation of local landraces, or cultivars to their growing environment has been proposed and could be particularly important to sustain cultures when growing conditions are not optimum (Valero et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, Valero et al. ). Even if seaweed‐based ecosystems are potentially very productive, the long‐term success of the macroalgal aquaculture production will depend, at least, on the following issues: (i) frequency and intensity of the abiotic and biotic disturbances affecting the farms, (ii) quality of the genomes being cultivated (e.g., selection of highly productive or resistant thalli) and genetic diversity preserved in both farms and natural populations, and (iii) efficiency of farms’ management strategies (Santelices ).…”

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confidence: 97%

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Nutrients, but not genetic diversity, affect Gracilaria chilensis (Rhodophyta) farming productivity and physiological responses

Usandizaga

Camus

Kappes

et al. 2018

Journal of Phycology

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In terrestrial plants, it is well known that genetic diversity can affect responses to abiotic and biotic stress and have important consequences on farming. However, very little is known about the interactive effects of genetic and environmental factors on seaweed crops. We conducted a field experiment on Gracilaria chilensis to determine the effect of heterozygosity and nutrient addition on two southern Chilean farms: Ancud and Chaica. In addition to growth rate and productivity, we measured photosynthetic responses, photosynthetic pigment concentration (chlorophyll a and phycobiliproteins), C:N ratio (C:N), and epiphytic load. Nutrient addition affected the growth rate, productivity, phycobilin, and C:N content, but not the epiphytic load. These results were independent of the heterozygosity of the strains used in the experiments. Interestingly, depending on the sampled sites, distinct photosynthetic responses (i.e., maximal quantum yield, F /F , and maximal electron transport rate, ETR ) to nutrient addition were observed. We propose that thallus selection over the past few decades may have led to ecological differentiation between G. chilensis from Chaica and Ancud. The lack of effect of heterozygosity on growth and physiological responses could be related to the species domestication history in which there is a limited range of genetic variation in farms. We suggest that the existing levels of heterozygosity among our thalli is not sufficient to detect any significant effect of genetic diversity on growth or productivity in Metri bay, our experimental site located close to the city of Puerto Montt, during summer under nitrogen limiting conditions.

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Insights into the bacterial community composition of farmed Caulerpa lentillifera: A comparison between contrasting health states

et al. 2021

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The bacterial communities of Caulerpa lentillifera were studied during an outbreak of an unknown disease in a sea grape farm from Vietnam. Clear differences between healthy and diseased cases were observed at the order, genus, and Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) level. A richer diversity was detected in the diseased thalli of C. lentillifera , as well as the dominance of the orders Flavobacteriales (phylum Bacteroidetes) and Phycisphaerales (Planctomycetes). Aquibacter, Winogradskyella , and other OTUs of the family Flavobacteriaceae were hypothesized as detrimental bacteria, this family comprises some well‐known seaweed pathogens. Phycisphaera together with other Planctomycetes and Woeseia were probably saprophytes of C. lentillifera . The Rhodobacteraceae and Rhodovulum dominated the bacterial community composition of healthy C. lentillifera . The likely beneficial role of Bradyrhizobium, Paracoccus , and Brevundimonas strains on nutrient cycling and phytohormone production was discussed. The bleaching of diseased C. lentillifera might not only be associated with pathogens but also with an oxidative response. This study offers pioneering insights on the co‐occurrence of C. lentillifera ‐attached bacteria, potential detrimental or beneficial microbes, and a baseline for understanding the C. lentillifera holobiont. Further applied and basic research is urgently needed on C. lentillifera microbiome, shotgun metagenomic, metatranscriptomic, and metabolomic studies as well as bioactivity assays are recommended.

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Perspectives on domestication research for sustainable seaweed aquaculture

Cited by 83 publications

References 0 publications

Population genomics of the introduced and cultivated Pacific kelp Undaria pinnatifida: Marinas—not farms—drive regional connectivity and establishment in natural rocky reefs

Population genomics of the introduced and cultivated Pacific kelp Undaria pinnatifida: Marinas—not farms—drive regional connectivity and establishment in natural rocky reefs

Nutrients, but not genetic diversity, affect Gracilaria chilensis (Rhodophyta) farming productivity and physiological responses

Insights into the bacterial community composition of farmed Caulerpa lentillifera: A comparison between contrasting health states

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